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Psychology Chapter 3 Vocabulary

AB
central nervous systemconsists of the brain and the spinal cord
peripheral nervous systemmade up of nerve cells that send messages between the central nervous system and all the parts of the body
neuronsrun through our entire body communicating with each other
cell bodyproduces energy that fuels the activity of the cell
dendritesthin fibers that branch out from the cell body
limbic systema group of nueral structures at the base of the cerebral hemishperes that is associated with emotion and motivation
cerebruma large mass of the forbrain, consisting of two hemisperes
cerebral cortexthe bumpy, convoluted surface of the brain; the body's control and information processing center
corpus callosumthe nerve fibers that connect the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex
association areasareas of the cerebral cortex that are involved in such mental operations, thinking, memory, lerning and problem solving
endocrine systemglands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
hormoneschemicals produced by the endocrine glands that regulate specific body functions
hereditygenetic transmission of traits from one generation to the next
genesbasic building blocks of heredity
chromosomesmicroscopic threadlike structure in the nucleus of every living cell that contains a nucleus
axona long tubelike structure attached to a neuron that transmits impluses away form the neuron cell body
myelina white, fatty substance that insulates axons and enables rapid transimission of neural impulses
axon terminalssmall fibers branching out from an axon
synapsethe junction between the axon terminals of the sending neuron and the dendrites of the receiving neuron
neurotransmittersa chemical messenger that carries impulses across the synaptic gaps between neurons
cerebellumthe area of the brain that is resonsible of volntary movement and balance.
reticular activating systemthe part of the brian that is involed in attention sleep and arousal.
thalamusthe structure of the brain that relays messages from the sense organs to the cerebral cortex.
hypothalasumthe neral structure cocated below the thalamus that controls temperature, hunger, thirst, and various aspects of emotion.
spinal cordthe colum of nerves that trasmits messages between the brain and the musles and glands
somatic nervous systemsystem that trasmits sensory messages to the central nervous system
automomic nervous systemsystem that controls vital non voluntary body systems.
medullaa part of the brain that controls heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing.
ponsa part of the brain that controls body movement, attention, sleep, and alertness.


(AP) Human Geography Teacher
Lakeville South High School
Lakeville, MN

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