| A | B |
|---|
| New England Colonies | Northern most colonies (Massachusetts, |
| Middle Colonies | Colonies located between the New England and Southern colonies (New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware). Exhibited diversity and religious tolerance. |
| Southern Colonies | Colonies located below the Middle Colonies (Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia). Plantations grew cash crops like tobacco and cotton. |
| Royal Colony | A colony governed directly by the king/queen through a royal governor. |
| Proprietary Colony | A colony founded by an individual or group to which ownership of the land had been granted by the king/queen. |
| Jamestown | The first successful English settlement in 1607. |
| Charter Colonies | Self governing colonies established by a charter granted by the king. |
| Joint-stock Company | A company owned by a group of investors that sought to make money from the colonies. |
| Religious Dissent | Disagreement with the Church of England that resulted in the motivation to found colonies in the New World intended to provide religious freedom for groups such as the Quakers and Puritans. |
| Puritans | Religious group that wanted to establish a community built solely on “pure biblical teaching” rather than Anglican traditions. Founded the colony of Massachusetts and greatly influenced the culture of all New England. |
| Pilgrims | Puritans who established a colony at Plymouth, Massachusetts and celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621. |
| Quakers | Religious group led by William Penn that founded Pennsylvania. They did not recognize class differences, promoted equality of the sexes, practiced pacifism (non-violence), and sought to deal fairly with Native Americans. They also made Pennsylvania a place of religious tolerance |
| Catholics | Religious group for which Lord Baltimore |
| Plantation System | System that relied on huge farms owned by wealthy landowners who raised cash crops like tobacco and rice. Because these plantations required intense manual labor, indentured servants and slavery |
| Indentured Servants | People who could not afford to come to North America on their own. They agreed to work for a landowner for up to seven years in exchanged for the landowner paying for their trip. |
| Slavery | A system in which people are “owned” like property. By the mid 1600s, the practice was firmly rooted throughout the colonies, especially in the South where labor was needed to grow cash crops. In the Middle Colonies and New England, Slaves were often trained in a craft and then put to work in shops and cities. |
| Middle Passage | The route taken by ships carrying slaves from Africa to North America. It was the middle leg of the triangular trade route between Europe, Africa and North America. So Brutal and inhumane was the treatment that these slaves endured during the middle passage that many of them died along the way. |
| Triangular Trade Route | Trade between 3 points: England, Africa, and the Americas. |
| Mercantilism | The belief that a nation could best grow wealthy |
| Bacon’s Rebellion | .” The uprising showed that colonists expected a government that served more than just the wealthy few. They wanted a government where even “ordinary” citizens have a voice. |
| Colonial Women | In most cases, females were considered to be second class citizens in the colonies. They could not vote, nor could they attend school. By law, they were normally considered to be under their husband’s control. |
| Salutary Neglect | England’s practice of letting the colonists basically govern themselves. |
| Salem Witch Trials | Legal action that resulted from several young girls in Salem, Massachusetts accusing various townspeople of having supernatural powers. Before it was over, authorities actually brought the accused to trial and condemned a number of them to death. |
| African-Americans | The first arrived in the American colonies at Jamestown in 1619. Most were brought to or born in the colonies were used as slaves and their labor led to prosperous plantation system. Because slaves were regarded as property, they were not provided any legal rights. |
| Native-Americans | The original inhabitants of the land colonized by the English were continually pushed off of land they had occupied for generations by white settlers. |
