| A | B |
|---|
| Peninsula | Surrounded by water on three sides |
| Minoans | Lived on Crete; named for the legendary tale about Minos and his son the Minotaur |
| Trojan War | War between Mycenaeans and Troy |
| Anthropomorphism | Having human-like characteristics |
| Homer | Wrote the Iliad and Odyssey |
| Zeus | Chief god of the Olympiad |
| Hera | Goddess of marriage and wife of Zeus |
| Aphrodite | Goddess of love |
| Ares | God of War |
| Athena | Goddess of wisdom, patron goddess of Athens |
| Poseidon | God of the Sea |
| Polis | Greek city-state |
| Monarchy | Ruling power held by one person who inherits power through family succession |
| Oligarchy | Ruling power held by a few wealthy individuals |
| Tyranny | Ruling power held by one person who seizes power illegally |
| Democracy | Ruling power in the hands of all the people |
| Aristocracy | Ruling power held by a few wealthy aristocrats who inherited their power |
| Agora | Open marketplace |
| Draco | Created written laws with severe punishments |
| Solon | He improved the legal system, expanded the Assembly, and outlawed debt slavery |
| Xerxes | Persian leader, son of Darius |
| Darius | Persian leader who attacked Greek Poli in Asia Minor |
| Pericles | Athenian leader who created a direct democracy; famous for his Golden Age |
| Parthenon | Temple to Athena on the acropolis |
| Acropolis | High point in a Greek polis |
| Socrates | Great philosopher, answered questions with a question, Accused of corrupting the youth |
| Plato | Student of Socrates who wrote The Republic |
| Aristotle | Student of Aristotle who tutored Alexander the Great |
| Herodotus | Father of History, wrote about the Persian Wars, add fiction to fact |
| Thucydides | Historian who wrote about the Peloponnesian War; used just the facts |
| Pheidippides | First marathon runner |
| Helot | State-owned slave |
| Euripides | He wrote tragedies |
| Philip | King of Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great |
| Pythagoras | He calculated the relationship between the sides of a right triangle |
| Euclid | He wrote The Elements (Geometry) |
| Archimedes | Invented the lever and pulley and the screw |
| Hippocrates | He established an ethical standard for doctors |
| Alexandria | This city was the "heart of the Hellenistic world" |
| Bosporus Strait | Narrow passage of water connecting the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea |
| Peloponnesus | Southern portion of Greece (Sparta located there) |
| Macedonia | Northern portion of Greece (Athens located there) |
| Phalanx | Military formation used by Alexander the Great |
| Hoplite | Greek foot soldier |
