| A | B |
|---|
| Accommodation | The ability of the eye to change its focus from distant to near objects (and vice versa) |
| Incus(Latin for anvil) | One of the three tiny bones in the middle ear. Sound impulses go from the incus to the stapes at the oval window to the inner ear |
| Astigmatism | An eye condition in which the cornea is abnormally curved and causes out-of-focus vision |
| Audiometry | The measurement of hearing (hearing test) |
| Cataract | An eye disease that causes the eye's lens to become cloudy and opaque with decreased vision |
| Cerumen | Ear Wax |
| Cochlea | The part of the inner ear that converts mechanical energy (vibrations) into nerve impulses sent to the brain |
| Cone | Specialized light-sensitive cells that act as photoreceptors in the retina of the eye, providing color vision and sharp central vision |
| Conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva (an example is pink eye) can be caused by bacteria, virus or allergy |
| Constriction | Closing or reduction in the size of an opening. The pupil of the eye gets smaller constricts when exposed to bright light |
| Convergence | insufficiency that occurs when your eyes don't work together while you're trying to focus on a nearby object |
| Cornea | The clear front window of the eye, which transmits and focuses light into the eye. |
| Cryosurgery | Treatment performed with an instrument that freezes and destroys abnormal tissue |
| Diabetic retinopathy | Disease of the retina caused by diabetes that involves damage to the tiny blood vessels in the back of the eye |
| Enucleation | The surgical removal of an eye |
| Eustachian Tube | A membrane lined tube that connects the middle ear to the pharynx |
| Exophthalmos | A condition in which the patient has protruding eyeballs |
| Glaucoma | A common eye condition in which the fluid pressure inside the eye rises because of slowed fluid drainage from the eye |
| Hyperopia | Farsightedness; the eye is focused more clearly at far rather than at near |
| Iris | The circular, colored curtain of the eye |
| Keratitis | Inflammation of the cornea |
| Keratoplasty | Corneal transplant |
| Labyrinthitis | Inflammation of the labyrinth of the ear, which can be accompanied by vertigo |
| Radial keratotomy | An eye surgery procedure designed to flatten the cornea, reducing its optical power, to correct nearsightedness (myopia) Now called Lasix surgery |
| Retina | The nerve layer that lines the back of the eye, senses light, and creates impulses that travel through the optic nerve to the brain |
| Retinal detachment | The separation of the retina from its attachments to the underlying eye tissue |
| Rod | A type of specialized light-sensitive cell (photoreceptor) in the retina of the eye that provides side vision and the ability to see objects in dim light (night vision) |
| Sclera | The tough white outer coat over the eyeball that covers approximately the posterior five-sixths of its surface |
| Snellen's test | This measures how well you see. Vision acuity test |
| Stapedectomy | A surgical procedure in which the innermost bone (stapes) of the three middle ear bones is surgically removed and replaced with a synthetic ear bone to improve hearing |
| Strabismus | A condition in which the visual axes of the eyes are not parallel and the eyes appear to be looking in different directions |
| Tinnitus | Ringing in the ears |
| Tympanic membrane | A thin membrane in the eardrum that serves as a partition between the external ear and the middle ear and transmits the motion of sound waves to the chain of bones in the middle ear |
| Tympanoplasty | A surgical operation to correct damage to the middle ear and restore the integrity of the eardrum |
| Vertigo | The sensation of spinning or rocking, even when someone is at rest |
| Lacrimal apparatus | Works to produce tears that are needed to wet the front of the eye and flush debris from the ocular surface |
| Lower Conjunctival sac | The potential space, lined by conjunctiva, between the lower eyelids and eyeball |
| Mastoiditis | Inflammation of the mastoid bone, which often occurs secondarily to ear infection |
| Miotics | Eye drops that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system causing the pupil of the eye to become smaller (constricts) |
| Mydriatic | Eye drops that enlarge (dilate) the pupils of the eyes and may allow the person to see around a cataract. Pupil becomes larger. |
| Myopia | Nearsightedness, the ability to see close objects more clearly than distant objects |
| Myringotomy | A surgically placed tiny incision in the eardrum |
| OD, OS, OU (right eye, left eye, each eye) | OD= right eye, OS= left eye, OU = both eyes |
| Olfactory system | The sensory system used for the sense of smell |
| Organ of Corti | Part of the Cochlea, it is the sensory epithelium of the inner ear, it contains the hair cells that give rise to nerve signals in response to sound vibrations |
| Pinna or Auricle | The external ear or the principal projecting part of the ear |
| Pupil | The opening of the iris |
