| A | B |
|---|
| Isolationism | Idea that the U.S. should stay out of European affairs because we wanted to be alone |
| Woodrow Wilson | President during WWI, developed 14 Points, helped created Treaty of Versailles |
| 14 Points | Plan for Europe after WWI, developed by Wilson |
| WWI | Great War, started by assassination of Archduke, trenchwarfare was used |
| Trench Warfare | When ditches were dug for soldiers to escape the fire of machine guns |
| League of Nations | Created by Wilson, world organization aimed at maintaining peace after WWI |
| 19th Amendment | Gave women the right to vote |
| Nationalism | Idea that all common people are proud of their history, want their own country |
| Jazz Age | Nickname for decade after WWI that saw the development of Jazz |
| Roaring 20's | Nickname for decade after WWI that saw development of the car, Prohibition, speakeasies |
| Louis Armstrong | Most influential jazz trumpet player, invented Swing, Scat singing, nicknamed Pops |
| Duke Ellington | Greatest Jazz composer, played Jungle music on the piano, 1st band to be on the radio |
| Count Basie | Jazz piano player from Kansas city, taught us about space & time, had greatest rhythm section |
| Benny Goodman | King of Swing, played the Clarinet, 1st band leader to integrate white & black jazz musicians |
| Herbert Hoover | President at beginning of Great Depression & stock market crash, was blamed & fun of for the Depression |
| Stock Market Crash | Black Tuesday, Oct. 29, 1929, when the prices of stock fell so fast that people lost a lot of money |
| Model-T | 1st massed produced car made by an assembly line by Henry Ford |
| Assembly Line | Automated way of mass producing products, first perfected by Ford |
| Speakeasies | Secret bars & taverns where alcohol was served in Prohibition |
| Prohibition | Time of the 18th Amendment, Illegal to make, sell, consume alcohol |
| Swing | Style of Jazz created by Armstrong that was popular during the 20’s, 30’s, & 40’s |
| New Deal | Program by FDR to get country out of Great Depression |
| FDR | 32nd President, created New Deal, president when WWII started |
| TVA | Damned up Tennessee Valley to control flooding, provide irrigation, lasting legacy of FDR’s New Deal |
| Great Depression | Began with stock market crash, The 1930’s |
| Dust Bowl | Nickname of the Midwest during 1930’s because it was so dry |
| Hoovervilles | Shantytowns of homeless during Great Depression |
| Social Security | Welfare for the retired, part of FDR's New Deal |
| Soup Kitchens & Breadlines | Where food was provided to the poor during the Depression |
| Lend-Lease Act | FDR’s plan in giving ships to Great Britain so supplies could go to Great Britain |
| WWII | Worst war in history, fought against Nazis & Japanese |
| Pearl Harbor | Dec. 7th, 1941, Japanese surprise attack on U.S. |
| Harry Truman | 33rd Pres.- Pres during end of WWII |
| Adolf Hitler | Leader of Nazi Germany |
| Allies | Winning side of WWII, U.S., Great Britain, France, Soviet Union |
| Axis Powers | Alliance of Germany, Italy, Japan during WWII |
| Central Powers | Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire during WWI |
| Nazis | Led by Hitler during WWII, responsible for Holocaust |
| Fascism | Form of government used by Hitler, Mussolini in WWII |
| Fat Man & Little Boy | The two nuclear bombs dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki |
| Imperialism | Idea that it is good to have an empire so you can get resources |
| Militarism | Idea that it is glorious to be a part of the military |
| Alliance Systems | When countries team up for protection, but usually leads to war |
| No Man's Land | Area between the trenches, where soldiers usually died. |
| Poison gas | Weapon used to get soldiers out of the trenches, made it impossible to breathe |
| Machine Gun | Rapid fire weapon that was used in the trenches, could kill hundreds in minutes |
| Convoys | Groups of ships that travel together for mutual protection |
| Treaty of Versailles | This ended WWI, made Germany pay $33 Billion & accept blame for the war |
| Credit | The act of borrowing money & agreeing to pay off later for a purchase |
| Harlem Renaissance | Time of cultural rebirth for African Americans |
| Harlem | Place in New York City were thousands of southern blacks moved to |
| Great Migration | When thousands of African-Americans moved North to find jobs & escape racism of the South |
| Scat Singing | Playing the music with your mouth, beat-boxing |
| Flappers | Young women of the 1920's who liked to party |
| Bootleggers/Moonshiners | Those who made illegal alcohol and transported it during Prohibition |
| Prohibition | Time when it was illegal to make, sell, consume alcohol |
| Mass Media | Technology that made it easy to communicate, ex: radio & movies |
| Speakeasies | Secret nightclubs where Jazz was played and alcohol served |
| Jungle Music | Jazz music created by Duke Ellington & played at the Cotton Club |
| Suffrage | The right to vote |
| 18th Amendment | Made it illegal to make, sell, drink alcohol |
| Unemployment | Not having a job |
| Black Tuesday | The day that the stock market crashed in 1929 |
| Dirty Thirties | Nickname for the 1930's because of the Dust Bowl |
| Social Security | New Deal program that helped out the retired & elderly |
| AAA | New Deal program that helped farmers raise crop prices |
| FDIC | New Deal program that helped insure people's money in banks |
| CCC | New Deal program that helped people get jobs building bridges, roads, & dams |
| 19th Amendment | Gave women the right to vote |
| Mussolini | Dictator of Italy, believed in Fascism |
| Tojo | Prime Minister of Japan, wanted to attack Pearl Harbor |
| Munich Pact | Agreement by Hitler to not take any more new land |
| Neutrality Acts | Laws passed by Congress to keep the US out of a war |
| Cash & Carry | Plan by FDR to allow British to buy weapons & come & get them |
| German Wolf-packs | Groups of U-boats that hunted down allied supply ships |
| Atlantic Charter | Agreement between FDR & British on how to fight WWII & defeat Hitler |
| Battle of the Atlantic | Where the Allies used convoys & sonar to beat U-boats & keep the Britain supplied |
| Stalingrad | Turning point of the war in Europe, where Soviets beat & began pushing Germans back |
| North African Campaign | Battle against Germans in the desert, allowed US to attack Italy next |
| Italian Campaign | Was the invasion of the "Soft-underbelly" of Europe, & diverted troops from France |
| Battle of the Bulge | Hitler's last attack on Western Front, he loses men, tanks & never wins again |
| Phony War | When the British & French didn't attack & hoped Hitler would stop expanding |
| Reparations | Money paid to the winners of a war by the losers |
| Final Solution | Name for the plan to execute all of the Jews in Europe |
| Concentration Camps | Where Jews & other targets of Nazis lived and were forced to work |
| Holocaust | Name for systematic killing of 11 million people, including 6 million Jews |
| Auschwitz | Largest death camp built by the Nazis |
| Battle of Midway | Turning point of the war against Japan, Japan lost 4 carriers |
| Iwo Jima | Deadly island fought for control of airfields to use by US bombers |
