| A | B |
|---|
| United Kingdom | Combination of the England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales |
| Giuseppe Garibaldi | was an Italian general and politician , one of Italy's "fathers of the fatherland". |
| Franco-Prussian War | a conflict between the Second French Empire and the German states. The conflict emerged from tensions caused by German unification. |
| Prussia | a German kingdom |
| Otto Von Bismarck | was a conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890. |
| Liberalism | the idea of supporting change and progress |
| Papal States | Territories in the Italian Peninsula under the sovereign direct rule of the pope |
| Balance of Power | situation in which nations of the world have roughly equal power |
| Conservatism | promotes retaining traditional social institutions in the context of the culture and civilization. |
| Realpolitik | politics or diplomacy based primarily on power and on practical factors |
| Count Cavour | Italian statesman and a leading figure in the movement toward Italian unification. Italy's 1st Prime Minister |
| Napoleonic Code | French civil code established under Napoleon I in 1804 |
| Napoleon | Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814 and again in 1815. |
| Nation-States | cultural and ethnic geopolitical entity |
| Congress of Vienna | a conference of ambassadors of European states, the objective was to provide a long-term peace for Europe. |
