| A | B |
|---|
| Mao Zedong | China's first Communist leader. |
| Warlords | Regional leaders with their own armies who sometimes seized power in their own areas. |
| Chiang Kai-shek | Leader of the Nationalist Party who defeated the warlords and created the Nationalist Republic of China in 1928. |
| Nationalists | Defeated the warlords and ruled China until the Communists took over in 1949. |
| Communists | Under Mao Zedong they controlled China from 1949 following the policies of Karl Marx. |
| Red Guard | Radical young men and women who followed the command of Mao Zedung to crush the Four Olds: ideology, thought, habits and customs. |
| Gang of Four | A group of politicians, led by Mao's wife, who after Mao's death wanted to continue the Cultural Revolution. |
| Deng Xianoping | Leader who followed the rule of Mao and set up the Four Modernizations. |
| The Long March | Division in the Nationalists Party led to fear of death for those who pursued Communist ideas. They began a year long march to Norther China where the set up new leadership under Mao Zedong. |
| Establishment of People's Republic of China. | After defeating the Nationalists under Chang-Kashek, Mao established the People's Republic of China in 1949. |
| The Great Leap Forward | Mao's plan to merge private farms into collectives to improve China's productivity. |
| The Cultural Revolution | Mao's plan to smash the old order and replace it with a new socialist state. |
| The Four Modernizations | Deng Xianoping's plan to improve agriculture, industry, defense and science and technology in China. |
| Spheres of influence | Areas in which the U.S. and European countries had some control in China. |
| Abdicate | Give up the throne. |
| Collectives | Farms on which the land and machinery are pooled and shared. |
| Light industry | The production of small consumer goods, such as clothing, appliances and bicycles. |
| Martial law | Law during times of strict military control, such as during times of chaos or rebellion. |
| Loess | Fine rich soil. |
| China's Sorrow | The Huang He River's name that comes from the destruction it has caused with flooding. |
| Double-cropping | Growing more than one crop a year on the same land. |
| Special Economic zones | Established by the Four Modernizations to bring foreign investments to China. |
| Theocrat | Someone who claims to rule by religious or divine authority. |
| Autonomous Region | Political unit with limited self government. |
| Population Control Policies | Families can have no more than one child. |
| Outcomes of Population Control Policies | City dwellers agreed to the policy but, people in rual areas were harder to convince. |
| Ideograms | Pictures or characters representing a thing or an idea. |
| Atheism | A belif that denies the exsistence of god. |
| Acupuncture | A practice of inserting needles at specific points on the body to cure diseases or ease pain. |
| Provisional Government | Temporary Government. |
| Taiwan | An island country off the south east coast of the peoples republic of china. |
| Hong Kong | A british crown colony in east asia, became part of the peoples republic of china in 1997. |
| Mongolia | A country in east asia. |
| Xizang | Tibet , meaning " Hidden Land of the West". |
| Yangzi River | A major river of china. |
| Beijing | The capital city of the Peoples republic of china. |
