| A | B |
|---|
| amino acids | the monomers (building blocks) or proteins |
| chromosome | condensed threads of genetic material formed from chromatin |
| codon | a three-base "word" that codes for one amino acid |
| DNA | the nucleic acid molecule responsible for inheritance; contains the sugar deoxyribose |
| double helix | twisted ladder shape of DNA |
| gene | a unit of inherited information in DNA |
| mRNA | RNA molecule that is transcribed from the DNA template |
| mutation | any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA |
| nitrogen bases | the molecules that form the rungs (steps) of a DNA/RNA molecule(A,T,G,C,U) |
| nucleotide | the monomers (building blocks) of nucleic acids |
| protein synthesis | making proteins; DNA--> RNA--> Proteins |
| ribosome | an organelle that constructs proteins for the cell |
| RNA | the nucleic acid molecule that assists DNA with protein synthesis; contains the sugar ribose |
| rRNA | RNA component of ribosomes |
| tRNA | RNA molecule that translates the codons of mRNA to amino acids |
