| A | B |
|---|
| what is the name for hydracarbons wiht double bonds? | alkenes |
| which of the following compounds is an unsaturated hydrocarbon? | propyne |
| what is the general formula for a regular (non-cyclic) alkane? | CnH2n+2 |
| what is the general formula for a cyclic alkane? | CnH2n |
| what is the general formula for an alkene? | CnH2n |
| how many carbons are in a molecule of hexane? | 6 |
| what is the name of the alkyne having 5 carbons? | pentyne |
| in how many bonds does each carbon participate in an organic compound? | 4 |
| how many hydrogen atoms are found in an alkene with 5 carbon atoms? | 10 |
| which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon? | C4H10 |
| how many double covalent bonds are in an alkene? | one |
| the name of a branch that contains 3 carbon atoms is ________. | methyl |
| structural isomers have: | the same molecular formula, different arrangement of atoms, and the same numbers of each kind of atom |
| an organic compound is a compound that _______. | contains carbon |
| there are millions of organic compounds but only thousands of inorganic compounds because | carbon atoms can combine with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms |
| you know for sure that the compound named decane has _______. | more than 10 isomers, 10 carbon atoms in each molecule, and has only single bonds |
| an alkane with 4 carbon atoms would have how many hydrogen atoms in each molecule? | 10 |
| the organic compound 3,4 diethyl i-cyclopentene is an isomer of _________. | pentene |
| the organic compound 2,2 4 trimethyl pentane is an isomer of _______. | octane |
| the hydrocarbons with a double covalent carbon carbon-carbon bonds are called ________. | alkenes |
| ethylene molecules can add to each other in a reaction to form a long chain called a _______. | polymer |
| an alcohol is an organic compound wiht the functional group | hydroxyl |
| which functional group is associated with an organic acid? | carboxly group |
| what is a structural isomer of butane? | 2 methyl propane |
| what is the name of the smallest alkyne? | ethyne |
| what is the formula for force? | f=ma |
| what is the unit we use for force? | kg m/sec squared aka newton |
| what is the formula for work? | w=fd |
| what is the units we use for work? | nm aka joule |
| what is the formula for power? | p=w/t or p=mgd/t |
| what is the units we use for power? | j/s aka a watt |
| freight train rolls in at considerable momentum. if rolls at same speed but has twice mass the momentum is _________. | doubled |
| a moving object on which no forces are ating will continue to move with constant ________. | momentum |
| the difference b/w impulse and impact force involved the _______. | time the force acts |
| it is correct to say the impulse is equal to___________. | the change in momentum |
| the conservation of momentum is most closely related to which of newtons' laws? | newton's second law |
| the rifle recoils from firing a bullet. the speed of the rifle's recoil is small becuz ________. | the rifle has more mass than the bullet |
| a heavy truck and a small truck roll down a hill. negleticing friction, at the bottom of hte hill, the heavy truck will have greater _______. | momentum |
| when you are in a way of a fast moving object and cant get out of its way, you will suffer a smaller force of impact if you decrease its mometnum over a _________. | long time |
| the force of an apple hitting the ground depends upon_______. | whether or not the apple bounces |
| a 4 kg ball has a momentum of 12 kg*m/s. what is the ball's speed? | 3 m/s |
| a ball moving 4 m/s and has a momentum of 48 kg*m/s. what is the ball's mass? | 12 kg |
| a heavy truck and a small car rolling down hill @ same speed r forced to stop in same amount of time. compared to froce that stops car, the force needed 2 stop the truck is _____. | greater |
| the force taht accelerates a rocket in outer space is exerted on the rocket by the _______. | exhaust gases |
| if an astronaut whose total mass is 100 kg ejecgs 0.1 kg of gas at a speed of 50 m/s from her propulsion pistol, her recoil speeds is______. | 0.05 m/s |
| a 1000 kg car moving at 10 m/s brakes to a top in 5 s. the avergage braking force is ______. | 2000 N |
| the average momentum of a 70 kg runner who covers 400 m in 50 s is ___________. | 560 kg*m/s |
| what is defined as an inclined plane wrapped around a cyclinder? | screw |
| what is defined as a 2 inclined planes that meet, forming a point. | wedge |
| what is defined as a wheel free to spin on its axle, accompanied by a rope or a cable | puller |
| what simple machine is a doorknob an example of? | wheel and axle |
| what simple machine is paper cutter an example of? | lever |
| what simple machine is the inside edge of a jar lid an example of? | screw |
| what simple machine is a bottle opener an example of? | lever |
| what simple machine is an elevator cable system an example of? | pulley |
| what simple machine is a crank egg beater an example of? | wheel and axle |
| scissors are what class lever? | 1st class |
| a tennis swerve is what class lever? | 3rd class |
| a wheelbarrow is what class lever? | 2nd class lever |
| arm + rowboat oar is what class lever? (hint: fulcrum is wehre the oar is attached to the boat) | 1st class |
| a nutcracker is what class lever? (hint: fulcrum is the hinge) | 2nd class |
| what is the equation for AMA? | AMA=Fr/Fe |
| what is the equation for IMA? | IMA= De/Dr |
| what is the equation for Eff? | Eff=Wo/Wi x 100 |
| what is the equation for Wi? | Wi=Fe*De |
| what is the equation for Wo? | Wo=Fr*Dr |
| what is the difference b/w speed and velocity? | velocity specifies direction and speed does not |
| which device on an automobile is capable of changing its acceleration? | the gas pedal, the bakes, the steering wheel |
| bat hits ball. impact force is bat against ball. the reaction force is what? | the force of the ball against the bat |
| the mass of an object is determinded to be 2 kg with a triple beam balance. if balance were taken to moon with a 2 kg object still sitting on it, it would what? | still balance |
| weight of object is 6 N w/spring scale, if scale were taken to moon, you would see what? | the scale would read less than 6 N |
| the acceleration of ne object depends on ______________. | both the net force applied and the mass of an object |
| theoretically, all objects fall toward the earth w/the same acceleration. not always becuz of _______. | air resistance |
| aristotle was a philosopher in ancient greece who believed that a force was needed to KEEP an object in motion and whose ideas were held true 4 centuries. name a false statement. | he did many experiments to prove his theories |
| the tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion is called _________. | inertia |
| a loaded truck and a motorcycle are traveling next to each other at 45 mph. if light turns red, it will take more force to stop the truck. which law does this illustrate? | newton's 2nd law |
| in order to get an object to acclerate:? | forces on the object must be unbalanced |
| a person is atracted toward the center of the earth by a 500 N gravitational force. force of attraction of earth toward person is ? | 500 N |
| if in car and it turns right, which way will you lean? | left |
| the blastoff of a space shuttle from earth due to expulsion of exhaust gases illustrates which law? | newton's 3rd law |
| the reason that babies and small children must be in car seats illustrates which law? | newton's 2nd law |
| springs on a couch cushion pushing on you as you sit on the couch illustrates which law? | newton's 3rd law |
| while rollerblaidng behind your friend, you give him a push. what happens to you as u push him illustrates which law? | newton's 3rd law |
| a boy riding his bike at night accidentally rides directly into a curb, which stops his bike. he goes flying off bike and into the grass. which law? | newton's 1st law |
| the fact that it requires less force to stop a car with 1 person in it compared to 6 illustrates which law? | newton's 2nd law |
| the "magic trick" of pulling a tablecloth out from under a set of dishes most clearly illustrate which law? | newtonw's 1st law |
| t or f. speed is a vector quantity, and velocity is a vector quantity? | false |
| what is a vector quantity? | a quantity that defines magnitude and direction |
| t or f.acceleration is a ratio of the change in distance per change in time squared | false |
| t or f. after it leaves the riffle barrel, the force of gravity acting straight down is the only force acting on the bullet if you ignore air resistance | true |
| t or f. assuming a short free fall distance near the earth's surface, the acceleration increases downward | false |
| how are mass and acceleration proportional? | inversely proportional |
| how are force and acceleration proportional? | directly proportional |
| how are force and mass proportional? | directly proportional |
| how are time and distance proportional? | directly proportional |
| (m/sec)/sec simplifies to..... | m/s^2 or acceleration |
| kg (m)/sec^2 simplifies to.... | force |
| (m/sec)/(m/sec ^2) simplifies to..... | time |
| m/sec^2 (sec) simplifies to........ | velocity |
| what is the equation for d=? | d=(1/2)at^2 |
| what is the equation for f=? | f=ma |
| what is the equation for acceleration? | a=(Vf-Vi)/t |
| what is the distance b/w two successive compressions? | a wavelength |
| what is produced by irregular vibrations? | noise |
| what is number of cycles that pass a point in one second? | a hertz |
| what type of wave's matter vibrates perpendicular to the direction of travel? | a transverse wave |
| when the frequency of an external force matches the natural frequency what occurs? | resonance |
| what is cycles per second? | frequency |
| what type of wave's matter vibrates parallel to the direction of travel? | longitudinal wave |
| matter that transmits sounds possesses the property of what? | elasticity |
| when the air in a bell jar containing a ringing bell is removed, the sound decreases becuz ....... | sounds cannot travel in a vacuum |
| in a sound wave, the portion of the elastic medium in which the molecules are crowded together is the ........ | compression |
| in a sound wave, the distance b/w two successive compressions is called the ...... | wavelength |
| the pitch of a sound depends upon the...... | wavelength |
| sound waves are examples of...... | longitudinal waves |
| sounds waves can travel faster through what? | solids |
| t or f. if the wavelength is long, the frequency of the sound wave will b high | true |
| t or f. in a transverse wave, particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of the wave | true |
| t or f. sound waves travel faster in warm air than in cold air? | true |
| a low pitch has...... | big spaces between each wavelength |
| a high pitch has ......... | small spaces b/w each wavlength |
| a soft sound is...... | small and short |
| a loud sound is......... | big and long |
| what is the speed of sound in at 0*C? | 330 m/s |
| what is the equation to find the temperature of the air? | V(m/s)=Vo+((0.60 m/s)/*c ) / (T) |
| amount of heat energy removed to freeze 1 g of a substance is...... | heat of solidification |
| the amount of heat energy removed to condense 1 g of a substance is..... | heat of condensation |
| a measure of hte average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance(how fast they vibrate) is......... | temperature |
| a measure of the TOTAL kinetic energy of the substance; both how many particles as well as how fast they are moving determine this is.......... | heat |
| exists in elastic and gravitational forms is...... | potential energy |
| the amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1*C | specific heat |
| the amount of heat energy added to metl 1 g of a substance is..... | heat of fusion |
| the amount of heat e nergy added to boil 1 g of a substance is........ | heat of vaporization |
| heat transfer due to direct contact; an ex: stove burner heating pan | conduction |
| heat transfer fue to currents; an example is ocean breezes warming the Hawaiian islands | convection |
| heat transfer due to electromagnetic waves | radiation |
| cohesive forces are strongest b/w the molecules of ....... | solids |
| the kinetic energy of hte molecules of a solid is mostly in the form of ..... | vibrational energy |
| the temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the ...... | average kinetic energy of its molecules |
| the internal energy of an object is......... | both the kinetic and potential energy of its molecules |
| the quantity known was heat is ..... | the total k.e. of the molecules that make up the substance, transferred as a result of t emperature difference, adn gained form an energy conversion |
| n/kg = what? | acceleration |
| j/kg*m=what? | acceleration |
| j/n=what? | distance |
| (j)/m^2/s^2 =what? | mass |
| what is the equation to find *F? | Tf=(9/5) Tc + 32 |
| what is the equation to find *C? | Tc= 5/9 (Tf-32) |
| what is the equation to find *K? | Tk= Tc + 273 |
| on a chart, straight lines equal _______ change, and slanted lines equal _______ change. | phase, temperature |
| what is the equation for specific heat? | q=mc(delta)t |
| what is the latent heat of fusion for H2O? | 80 cal/g |
| what is the latent heat of evaporation for h2O? | 540 cal/g |
| a diverging lens has what type of lens? | a concave lens |
| a converging lens has what type of lens? | a convex |
| explains how light energy travels in packets called photons | the particle model |
| occurs when light rays enter at the same angle as they exit | reflection |
| this makes surfaces visible | diffusion |
| the filtering of seledted rays in order to down on glare | polarization |
| explaine how light can be polarized | the wave model |
| he was the first to describe light as an electromagnetic wave | maxwell |
| was the first to develop the particle model of light waves | Newton |
| first to state light traveled as waves | Huygens |
| he performed the double slit experiment | Young |
| he linked the wave model to the particle model | DeBroglie |
| he related energy to frequency | plank |
| developed the photoelectric effect | einstein |
| what is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum? | gamma, x rays, ultraviolet, violet visible light, red visible light, infrared, microwave, radio |
| what is an example of NON- incandescent light | fluorescent lights |
| a pencil partly immersed in a glass of water apperars bent because of what? | refractio |
| the motion of the speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in some tranparent material is called what? | the index of refraction |
| the colors of the visible light spectrum can be measured in unit of what? | frequency, wavelength, and energy |
| dispersion refers to the what? | vibration of light waves in all possible directions |
| light moving thru a small pinhole does not make shadow with a distinct, sharp edge becuz of what? | diffraction |
| a behavior of light that is best explained in terms of a wave model of light is what? | interference |
| the polarization behavior of light is best explained by considering light to be what? | transverse waves |
| the transformation of the energy of light into an electric current in a solar cell occurs becuz of the what? | photoelectric effect |
| the quanta of enefy in light waves are called..... | photons |
| j/c are the units for what? | voltage |
| a substance w/high resistance to electricity flow | insulator |
| c/sec are units for what? | current |
| the rate at which work is done is called what? | power |
| lightening occurs becuz of what? | electric discharge due to a giant buildup of static electricity |
| if electrons are transferred FROM object a TO object b: | object a has more electrons than b b4 the transfer |
| electrons move from ____ to _____ levels of concentration | high , low |
| electricity flows thru a wire due to ________ _________. | potential difference |
| potential difference is measured in ______. | volts |
| potential difference occurs becuz of a difference in ______________ at one end of a circuit vs another. | electrons |
| as longs as the opposition is nott too great, the electrons flow neway as long as the drivin _____ that pushes them on is great enuff. | force |
| what is Rt in series circuit? | R1+R2+R3 |
| what is Rt in a parallel circuit? | 1/R1+1/R2+1/R3 = #, reciprocal of # |
| wht is Vt=? | vt= I(r1+r2+r3) |
| what is It=? | It=v(1/r1+1/r2+1/r3) |
| what is the constant in a series circuit? | current |
| what is constant in a parallel circuit? | voltage |
