| A | B |
|---|
| mitosis | process that results in 2 daughter cells with the SAME number of chromosomes |
| meiosis | process that results in 4 sex cells with HALF the number of chromosomes |
| trait | a characteristic that an organisms can pass to its offspring through its genes or alleles |
| dominant | an allele whose trait always shows up in an organism when it is present; the "stronger" allele |
| recessive | an allele that is hidden when a dominant allele is present |
| allele | different forms of a gene |
| homozygous/purebred | the SAME two alleles for a trait |
| heterozygous/hybrid | DIFFERENT alleles for a trait |
| phenotype | visible traits; "what you see" |
| genotype | the genetic make-up; "the letters" |
| gene | segments of DNA located on chromosomes; controls an organism's traits |
| chromosome theory | genes are located on chromosomes and passed from parent to offspring |
| Gregor Mendel | his work helps us to understand how offspring are similar to parents |
