| A | B |
|---|
| accommodation | occurs when the pupils constrict in order to bring an object into focus |
| pinna | the upper, external, protruding part of the ear |
| anuria | absence of urine |
| bolus feeding | an enteral feeding given intermittently |
| clove hitch restraint | restraints used to secure an arm or leg; used most often when a chiild is receiving an intravenous infusion |
| enteral tube feeding | provides nourishment directly through a tube passed into the GI tract |
| gastrostomy tube | tube surgically inserted through the abdominal wall into the stomach under general anesthesia |
| gavage feeding | nourishment provided directly through a tube passed into the stomach |
| ileostomy | a surgical procedure in which a part of the ileum is brought through the abdominal wall to create an outlet to drain fecal material |
| jacket restraint | used to secure the child from climbing out of bed or a chair or to keep the child in a horizonal position |
| mummy restraint | used to restrain an infant or small child during procedures that involve only the head or neck |
| papoose board | commerical restraint board for use with toddlers or preschool-age children that uses canvas strips to secure the child's body and extremities |
| tracheostomy | surgical opening into the trachea to provide an open airway in emergency situations or when there is a blocked airway |
| urostomy | surgical opening ceated to help with elimination of urine |
| acid-base balance | state of equilibrium between the acidity and the alkalinity of body fluids |
| acidosis | excessive acidity of body fluids |
| azotemia | nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood |
| body surface area method (BSA) | formula used to calculate dosages |
| body weight method | used for calculating dosages uses the child's weight as a basis for computing medication dosages |
| electrolytes | chemical compounds that break down into ions when placed in water |
| extracellular fluid | fluid situated outside a cell or cells |
| extravasation | escape of fluid into surrounding tissue |
| homeostasis | uniform state; signifies biologically the dynamic equilibrium of the healthy organism |
| induration | hardness |
| infiltration | fluid leaking into the surrounding tissues |
| intermittent infusion device | type of device that is used for administering medications by the intravenous route; can be left in place and used at intervals |
| interstitial fluid | also called intracellular or tissue fluid; has a composition similar to plasma |
| intracellular fluid | fluid contained within the cell membranes; constitutes about two thirds of total body fluids |
| intravascular fluid | fluid situated within the blood vessels or blood plasma |
