| A | B |
|---|
| phenotype | refers to physical traits of a gen |
| allele | different forms of a gene |
| genotype | refers to actual genes present |
| Mendel | Father of genetics |
| recessive | needs two of these to show |
| dominant | only needs one to show |
| homozygous | two of the same genes |
| heterozygous | two different genes |
| haploid | 1/2 the number of chromosomes |
| diploid | 2 times the number of chromosomes |
| exon | coded material on a gene |
| intron | non coded material on a gene |
| monohybrid | a cross between 2 individuals one trait is crossed |
| dihybrid | a cross between 2 individuals two traits are crossed |
| true breed | another name for homozygous |
| hybrid | another name for heterozygous |
| probability | chance of an outcome occuring |
| Punnett Square | used to cross traits |
| multiple alleles | most human traits are controlled by |
| sex linked traits | traits that are linked to the X and Y chromosomes |
| incomplete dominance | one trait does not dominate over another, they blend to make a third option |
| codominance | both traits are seen in the offspring |
| poliploidy | one or more extra sets of chromosomes |
| triploid | has 3n (3 sets of chromosomes) |
| pedigree | chart that can be used to track a disorder |
| nondisjunction | chromosomes do not separate during meiosis |
| monosomy | results in missing a chromosome |
| trisomy | resulting in a extra chromosome |
| Downs Syndrome | results from nondisjunction of the 21st chromosome |
| Turner Syndrome | results from nondisjunction of the sex chromosome (a female with one X) |
| Klinefelters Syndrome | results from nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes (a male with XXY) |
