| A | B |
|---|
| Constantinople | captial of the Byzantine Empire, it was a great location for trade and easy to defend |
| Justinian | most famous Byzantine Emperor, he organized the Byzantine Law Code, expanded trade and reconquered the Western territories |
| Justinian's Code | series of laws created and organized in the Byzantine Empire |
| Mosaics | pictures made of painted or dyed tiles |
| Icons | religious images used for worship. Their use was controversial as some believed it to be idolatry |
| Hagia Sophia | a famous domed church in Byzantine |
| Great Schism | division between the followers of Christianity into 2 separate branches |
| Orthodox Church | branch of Christianity that was centered in the East, followed the Patriarchs instead of the Pope, used Greek in their services and allowed priests to marry |
| Catholic Church | brach of Christianity that was centered in Rome, led by the pope, used latin in their services and required priests to be celibate |
| Pope | leader of the Catholic Church |
| Patriarch | leader of the Orthodox Church |
| Slavs | group of people in Eastern Europe and Russia that adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire |
| St. Cyril | Byzantine missionary who taught the Slavs Christianity and created an alphabet for the Slavs to use (Cyrillic). |
| Ottoman Turks | group of Muslims from Asia Minor that eventually conquered the Byzantine Empire and Constantinople |
| Islam | monotheistic religion that is related to Judaism and Christianity but believes that Muhammad is Allah's most important prophet |
| Muhammad | founder of Islam, he is considered to be Islam's most important prophet |
| 5 pillars | the key duties and beliefs of Islam. (monotheism, prayer, alms, fasting and hajj) |
| Mecca | holiest city for Islam, it is the site of the Kaa'ba. |
| Medina | 1st city to adopt Islam, it is Islam's second holiest site. |
| Ali | cousin of Muhammad who eventually became Caliph, after his death Islam was split into 2 branches |
| Caliph | leader of the Muslim community after the death of muhammad |
| Sunni Islam | branch of Islam that believes the Caliph can be anyone from the Muslim community |
| Shia Islam | branch of Islam that believes the Caliph should be a descendant or relative of Muhammad |
| The Quran | Islam;s holy book, it is believed to be a collection of messages from Allah revealed to Muhammad |
| The Kaa'ba | Site in Mecca dedicated to Allah. Muslims direct their prayer towards this site. |
