| A | B |
|---|
| Stage 1 sleep | short and light |
| stages 3 and 4 | Delta, sleepwalking stage |
| REM | dreams and recurring |
| Stage 2 | light sleep, preparing for deep |
| Basilar membrane | Part of auditory system |
| Olfaction | Sense of smell |
| Fovea | Part of the visual sense |
| Vestibular | Sense of balance and equilibrium |
| nociceptors | regulates sense of pain |
| gate control theory | a neural gate blocks pain |
| Retina | Houses the rods and cones |
| Rods | Peripheral, Responsible for black and white vision |
| Cones | Centered, Responsible for color vision |
| Selective attention | focusing our attention on one thing |
| sensory adaptation | "getting used to" a change in a perception |
| perceptual constancy | ability to recognize shapes even from different views |
| Weber's law | related to the just noticeable difference threshold |
| Frequency theory | Volley principle and low pitches |
| Place theory | high pitches |
| Gestalt psychology | creation of meaningful wholes from parts |
| Top Down Processing | use of memories, past experiences, etc. in perception |
| Freud's wish-fulfillment theory | manifest content- what you remember and latent content- your underlain wishes |
| hypnosis | divided consciousness v. social influence explanations |
| Nicotine | increases alertness and decreases anxiety |
| Melatonin | Levels help regulate sleep |
| Suprachiasmatic nucleus | Part of hypothalamus regulates circadian rhythms |
| activation-synthesis theory of dreaming | biological processing |
| semicircular canals | regulate body posture and head position |
| bottom up processing | begins with your senses |
| absolute threshold | the smallest detection of a stimulus 50% of the time |
| hue (what color?) | determined by wave length |
| brightness | determined by wave height |
| color, motion, form, depth | parallel processing |
| loudness | determined by wave height |
| pitch | determined by wave length |
| Circadian rhythms | natural sleep and wake cycles |
| endorphins | naturally occurring opiates |
| red | longest wavelength |
| limbic system | emotional center |
| afferent neurons | sensory- carry messages to the brain |
| efferent neurons | Motor- carry messages to the body |
| central nervous system | brain and spinal cord |
| somatic nervous system | transmits sense messages |
| axons | location of neurotansmitter release site |
| dendrites | receive messages from neighboring cells |
