| A | B |
|---|
| Anatomy | the study of the structure of the human body (Dissection) |
| Physiology | the study of the function of the human body (Observation) |
| Tissue Level | epithelia, connective, muscle and nerve |
| Oxygen | 1/5 of air |
| atmospheric pressure | important for breathing |
| hydrostatic pressure | keeps blood flowing |
| Anatomical position | standing upright, face forward, with the upper limbs positioned at the sides, the palms turned forward, and the feet flat on the floor. |
| Inferior (Caudal) | away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure |
| Superior (Cranial) | toward the head or upper part of a structure |
| Anterior (also known as ventral) | toward the front of the body |
| Posterior (also known as dorsal) | toward the back of the body |
| Medial | nearer the midline |
| Lateral | further from the midline |
| Proximal | nearer to the point of attachment of an appendage |
| Distal | farther from the point of attachment of an appendage |
| External (Superficial) | tower the surface |
| Internal (Deep) | away from the surface |
| Parasaggital plane | Right and left halves |
| Frontal/Coronal plane- | Anterior and posterior sections |
| Tranverse | Superior and inferior portions |
| Body Cavities | Spaces that contain internal organs |
| Thoracic cavity | Holds the heart and lungs |
| Dorsal cavity | Has the Cranial and Spinal sub cavities |
| Ventral Body Cavity | Has the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavity |
| Mediastinum | The cavity for the esophagus |
| Viseral layer | covers an organ |
| Parietal layer | lines a cavity or body wall |
| Metabolism | The sum total of all chemical processes that occur in the body |
| Anabolism | Using energy to synthesize or manufacture new tissue or molecules |
| Catabolism | The breakdown of tissues or chemical structures to produce or generate energy |
| Homeostasis | Maintaining of a stable internal environment |
| Stressor | anything that causes stress |
| Stress | Any factor, which disrupts homeostasis |
| Negative Feedback (Inhibitory): | Counteracts the input. Most common |
| Positive Feedback (Stimulatory) | Intensified by the input |
