| A | B |
|---|
| Pedigree | Graphic representation of genetic inheritance. |
| Carrier | heterozygous = 1/2 shaded circle or square |
| Circle in Pedigree | Represents a female |
| Square in Pedigree | Represents a male |
| Recessive alleles | Cause most genetic disorders. |
| Cystic fibrosis | Whites get it; build up of mucus |
| Phenylketonuria (PKU) | Missing enzyme causes damage in CNS |
| Simple dominant traits | One allele is dominate for the trait |
| Huntington's disease | lethal breaks down areas of the brain |
| Incomplete dominance | Neither allele is dominate but combine for a new trait. |
| Codominane alleles | both alleles are expressed equally |
| Multiple alleles | Traits are controlled by more than two alleles. |
| Autosomes | 22 pairs homologous chromoses |
| Sex chromosomes | Determine sex of individual |
| XX | Equals female |
| XY | Equals male |
| Sex-linked traits | Traits controlled by genes on sex chromosomes. |
| Polygenic inheritance | Inheritance patternof a trait that is controlled by two or more genes. |
| Sickle-cell anemia | Causes a change in hemoglobin by one amino acid. |
| Down Syndrome | Trisomy 21 |
| Karyotype | Pictures of your chromosomes |
