| A | B |
|---|
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | Supreme Court approved "separate but equal" to be constitutional |
| Brown vs. Board of Education | Allowed school districts to become integrated |
| Thurgood Marshall | African American lawyer that represented Brown in the case, and also a very prominent figure in the NAACP. Eventually became a Supreme Court justice |
| Little Rock Crisis | President Eisenhower orders troops to protect the 9 famous students that were attempted to be barred from entering their school. Caused much distress within the city |
| Elizabeth Eckford | One of the first of the Little Rock 9 to attend classes at their high school. |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott | Movement after Rosa Parks was arrested for riding in the front of the bus. In response, Martin Luther King Jr. and his supporters all boycotted riding any buses in the city of Montgomery in Alabama. |
| SCLC | Southern Christian Leadership Conference. First prominent group to fight for equal rights in the south. Lead by Martin Luther King Jr. |
| SNCC | Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee. Younger students who started a group with support by Martin Luther King Jr. |
| Sit ins | Groups of people would sit in a form of business, and would enter and refuse to leave until they were given service. Both white and black citizens would participate in this. |
| Freedom Riders | Groups of people that rode on buses and traveled nationwide in order to spread their word and gain influence for equal rights. They were not protected along their way. |
| "Bull" Connor | Commissioner of Public Safety in Birmingham Alabama during the Civil Rights Movement. Allowed use of force on people who were protesting. Often used police dogs, fire hoses, and batons on people. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | Did not give writing privileges to African Americans. Yet, it gave nearly all equal rights to African Americans |
| Church Bombings of 16th Street Baptist church | Occurred in 1963 in Birmingham. Targeted children and caused the death of 4 young little girls. Sparked national outrage. |
| Cecil Price | The police chief in Mississippi who let out Goodman, Schwerner, and Cheney to be released to the KKK for trying fight for civil rights. |
| Freedom Summer of 1964 | Created by students at universities in order to travel to the south and get African Americans to register to vote, establish freedom schools, and build freedom homes |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | This act prohibited any type of racial discrimination used in voting. |
| Malcolm X | Civil Rights leader, head of the Nation of Islam. Wanted to fight for equality using violence. Assassinated in 1965 |
| Nation of Islam | while Malcolm X was in jail in 1952, read books on Islam and eventually converted. Helped raise the amount of members of this movement. Large groups of African American Muslims |
| Black Power | The march that was 225 miles in order to walk against fear and show that black people were tired of the violence that resulted from the Freedom Summer. |
| Black Panthers | Political party/group that fought against police brutality in ghettos. Wanted self sufficient black neighborhoods. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1968 | Act which ended discrimination in housing. Banned any type of threat, force, or interfering with housing. |
| Affirmative Action | Effort to enroll groups in order to provide enrollment (jobs, schooling, etc.) to previously discriminated people. |
| Miranda rights | Rights that are told to you when you are interrogated by the police. The police are required to let you know of your rights, and also this avoids self incrimination |
| Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. | April, 1968 in Memphis, TN. Shot by James Earl Ray. Greatly affected the Civil Rights movement because MLK practiced non violence. Had major reaction from Bobby Kennedy. |
| Coretta Scott King | Wife of Martin Luther King. She helped her husband fight for equality. |
| Why did MLK believe in non-violence? | He practiced this because he was a prominent preacher and wanted to follow along the same guidelines as Jesus did. |
| Stokely Carmichael | major player in the Civil Rights movement and the Pan-African movement. Head of SNCC(1966) and person who coins the term Black Power |
