| A | B |
|---|
| The scientific study of how we influence one another's behavior and thinking | Social psychology |
| A change in behavior, belief, or both to conform to a group norm as a result of real or imagined group pressure | Conformity |
| Influence stemming from the need for information in situations in which the correct action or judgement is uncertain | Informational social influence |
| Influence stemming from our desire to gain the approval and to avoid the disapproval of others | Normative social influence |
| Acting in accordance with a direct request from another person or group | Complience |
| Compliance to a large request is gained by preceding it with a very small request | foot-in-the-door technique |
| Compliance is gained by starting with a lareg, unreasonable request that is turned down and following it with a more reasonable, smaller request | door-in-the-face technique |
| Compliance to a costly request is gained by first getting compliance to an attractive, less costly request but then reneging on it | low-ball technique |
| Compliance to a planned second request with additional benefits is gained by presenting this request before a response can be made to a first request | that's-not-all techique |
| Following the commands of a person in authority | obedience |
| Facilitation of a dominate response on a task due to social arousal, leading to improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks and worse performance on complex or unlearned tasks when other people are present | Social facilitation |
| The tendency to exert less effort when working in a group toward a common goal than when individually working toward the goal | Social loafing |
| The lessening of individual responsibility for a task when responsibility for the task is spread across the members of a group | diffusion of responsibility |
| The probability of a person's helping in an emergency is greater when there are no other bystanders than when there are other bystanders. | Bystander effect |
| The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in a group situation that fosters arousal and anonymity. | deindividuation |
| The strengthening of a group's prevailing opinion about a topic following group discussion about the topic | Group polarization |
| A mode of group thinking that impairs decision making, because the desire for group harmony overrides a realistic appraisal of the possible decision alternatives | Groupthink |
| The process by which we explain our own behavior and that of others | Attribution |
| The tendency as an observe to overestimate dispositional influences and underestimate situational influences on others' behavior | Fundamental attribution error |
| The assumption that the world is just and that people get what they deserve | just-world hypothesis |
| Information gathered early is weighted more heavily than information gathered later in forming an impression of another person | Primacy effect |
| Our behavior leads a person to act in accordance with our expectations for that person | Self-fulfilling prophecy |
| The tendency to overestimate situational influences on our own behavior, but to overestimate situational influences on our own behavior, but to overestimate dispositional influences on the behavior of others | Actor-observer bias |
| The tendency to make attributions so that one can perceive oneself favorably | Self-serving bias |
| The tendency to overestimate the commonality on one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors | False consensus effect |
| The tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and successful behaviors | false uniqueness effect |
| Evaluation reactions (positive or negative) toward objects, events, and other people | Attitudes |
| A theory developed by Leon Festinger that assumes people have a tendency to change their attitudes to reduce the cognitive discomfort created by inc inconsistencies between their attitudes and their behavior | Cognitive dissonance theory |
| A theory developed by Daryl Bem that assumes that when we are unsure of our attitudes, we infer them by examining our behavior and the context in which it occurs | Self-perception theory |
