| A | B |
|---|
| closed system | blood is pumped out from the heart is restricted to blood vessels |
| open system | blood flows freely into spaces around body tissues |
| arteries | take blood away from the heart-they distribute the blood |
| veins | take blood toward the heart-they collect the blood |
| capillaries | connect the arteries to the veins |
| definite pulse | arteries bulge with each heartbeat because of the elasticity of their muscular walls |
| arterioles | the smallest arteries that connect to capillaries |
| pulmonary arteries | arteries that carry oxygen-poor (blue) blood from the right ventricle to the lungs |
| aorta | carries blood away from the left ventricle is the largest blood vessel in the body |
| Where does the aorta continue? | upon leaving the left ventricle it starts upward then curves back down behind the heat. it continues down alonside the backbon and funishes branches to many different organs |
| subclavian arteries | supply blood tothe arms |
| carotid arteries | carry blood to the head region |
| renal arteries | take blood to the kidneys where the liquid wastes are removed |
| What does the branch in the liver do? | solid wastes are removed |
| what does the branch in the spleen do? | some of the worn-out red blood cells are recycled |
| What does the branch that goes to the small intestine do? | food after being completely digested is absorbed into the blood stream |
| iliac arteries | supply the legs with blood |
| coronary arteries | leave the aorta near the heart. they furnish nourishment to the heart itself and form part of the coronary circulation. tehy can be seen near the outside wall of the heart |
| Arterioles | the smallest arteries subdivide into microscopic tubes called capillaries |
| How thick are the walls of capillaries? | one cell thick |
| What is exchanged through the capillary walls? | oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide and food is exchanged for waste |
| What happens to the capillaries as they begin to carry blood back to the heart? | they join together inot larger vessels called venules or small veins |
| What do the venules join together to form? | larger vessels called veins |
| what do veins contain? | valves for maintaining the flow of blood in one direction |
| Pulmonary veins | carry blood from the lungs back to the left auricle. They are the only veins to carry onygen-rich (red) blood |
| What color blood do all the other veins carry? | oxygen-poor (blue)blood |
| jugular veins | veins carrying blood back to teh heart from the head |
| superior vena cava | jugular veins join with the veins from the arms(subclavian veins) to enter the right auricle |
| inferior vena cava | from the legs the iliac veins unite to form a large vein headingback to the heart from the leg region |
| What other veins does the inferior vena cava join? | from other internal organs such as the renal veins from the kidneys and hepatic vein from the liver. the inferior vena cava enter the lower part of the right auricle |
