| A | B |
|---|
| microstates | extremely small, autonomous countries |
| Turin | an industrial city in northern Italy |
| enclave | an area completely surrounded by another region |
| Belgrade | largest city in the Balkans |
| Renaissance | a period of renewed interest in the arts |
| Sardinia | a large island off the coast of Italy |
| Lisbon | largest city and capital in Portugal |
| Barcelona | major port city in Spain |
| city-state | a self-governing city and the surrounding area |
| cork | bark stripped from certain trees |
| complementary region | combining two areas with different strengths |
| confederation | a group of states joined together for a common purpose |
| Warsaw | capital and transportation hub of Poland |
| exclave | area separated from the rest of a country by another country |
| alliance | an agreement between countries to support one another |
| Vienna | capital of Austria |
| Bavaria | largest German state in area |
| ghetto | section of a city where a minority group is forced to live |
| Zürich | largest city in Switzerland and a world banking center |
| canton | Swiss state |
| dikes | earthen walls to hold back water |
| Flanders | northern coastal region of Belgium |
| Rhine River | major European river that empties into the North Sea |
| British Isles | this region has a marine west coast climate |
| Ural Mountains | marks the eastern boundary of Europe |
| Danube River | major European river that empties into the Black Sea |
| loess | fertile, fine-grain wind-blown soil |
| polders | lands reclaimed from the sea |
| North Sea | location of major fishing grounds |
| Po Valley | an extremely fertile valley and major farming center |
| sequent occupance | settlement by successive groups of people with distinctive cultures |
| European Union | economic and political cooperative organization |
| primate city | first-ranked and dominant city in a country |
| Paris | a primate city |
| uninhabitable | unable to support human life |
| nationalized | industries owned and operated by the government |
| cosmopolitan | characterized by many foreign influences |
| socialism | economic system in which the government owns the means of production |
| Belfast | a city in Northern Ireland |
| North Atlantic Drift | warm ocean current that flows along northwestern Europe |
