| A | B |
|---|
| energy | the ability to cause change |
| potential energy | stored energy due to the interactions between objects or particles |
| chemical energy | energy that is stored in and released from the bonds between atoms |
| nuclear energy | energy stored in and released from the nucleus of an atom |
| kinetic energy | energy due to motion |
| electric energy | energy carried by an electric current |
| mechanical energy | sum of the potential energy and the kinetic energy in a system |
| thermal energy | the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the particles that make up an object |
| wave | a disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another without transferring matter |
| sound energy | energy carried by sound waves |
| radiant energy | energy carried by an electromagnetic wave |
| law of the conservation of energy | law that states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed |
| energy transfer | the process of moving energy from one object to another without changing form |
| energy transformation | the conversion of one form of energy to another |
| work | the amount of energy used as a force moves an object over a distance |
| open system | a system that exchanges matter or energy with the environment |
| closed system | a system that does not exchange matter or energy with the environment |
| renewable energy resource | an energy resource that is replaced as fast as, or faster than, it is used |
| nonrenewable energy resource | an energy resource that is available in limited amounts or tha tis used faster than it can be replaced in nature |
| temperature | the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material |
| heat | the movement of thermal energy from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature |
| conduction | the transfer of thermal energy due to collisions between particles |
| radiation | the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves |
| convection | the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles from one part to another |
| vaporization | the change in state from a liquid to a gas |
| thermal conductor | a material through which thermal energy flows quickly |
| thermal insulator | a material through which thermal energy flows slowly |
