| A | B |
| Permafrost | A permanently frozen layer of soil beneath the surface |
| Siberia | A large and extremely cold region of Russia with natural resources that are hard to get |
| St. Petersburg | The previous capital city of Russia |
| Joseph Stalin | A very harsh ruler with a secret police force |
| Fossil fuels | Coal, oil, and natural gas |
| Eurasia | The combined landmass of Europe and Asia |
| The Volga River | A very long river in European Russia that carries many goods that are being transported |
| Lake Baikal | A very large body of freshwater |
| Moscow | Russia's current capital city |
| Dachas | Small, wooden cottages that Russians use for weekend and summer getaways |
| The Nutcracker | A famous Russian ballet |
| Oral Tradition | The part of Russia's culture that emphasizes passing stories down by word of mouth |
| Maslenitsa | A week-long celebration that occurs when winter is coming to an end |
| Eastern Orthodox Christianity | Russia's major religion |
| Space Race | A competition that was part of the larger conflict called the Cold War, where the USA and the USSR competed to explore outer space |
| Sputnik | The first satellite launched into space |
| Yuri Gagarin | The first man in space |