| A | B |
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| reproductive system | body system that allows for sexual reproduction; includes testes, ovaries, uterus, and other male and female sex organs |
| puberty | stage of adolescence that is marked by the production of hormones involved in reproduction |
| ovum | egg cell that is produced by the female reproductive system (plural: ova) |
| ovary | organ in which female gametes develop prior to fertilization |
| uterus | organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg attaches and a fetus develops |
| estrogen | steroid hormone that is found in greater quantities in women than men and contributes to female sexual characteristics and development |
| fallopian tube | tube of connective tissue that attaches the ovary to the uterus in the female reproductive system and in which fertilization occurs |
| testis | organ of the male reproductive system that produces sperm (plural: testes) |
| testosterone | steroid hormone that is found in greater quantities in men than women and contributes to male sexual characteristics and development |
| scrotum | skin the encloses the testes outside of the male body |
| epididymis | coiled tube through which sperm leave the testes and enter the vas deferens |
| vas deferens | duct in which sperm mixes with other fluids before reaching the urethra |
| semen | white substance that contains sperm and fluids produced by sex glands of the male reproductive system |
| follicle | collection of cells that surrounds and nourishes an egg while it is in the ovary |
| ovulation | process by which an egg is released from the ovary and becomes available for fertilization |
| menstrual cycle | series of changes in the female reproductive system that takes place over the course of one month |
| endometrium | lining of the uterus |
| corpus luteum | follicle after ovulation; also called a yellow body because of its yellow color |
| menopause | period of life when the female reproductive system permanently stops the menstrual cycle |
| zygote | cell that forms when a male gamete fertilizes a female gamete |
| infertility | persistent condition in which offspring cannot be produced |
| sexually transmitted disease (STD) | disease that is passed from one person to another during sexual contact |
| blastocyst | stage of development during which the zygote consists of a ball of cells |
| embryo | stage of development after the fertilized cell implants into the uterus but before the cells take on a recognizable shape |
| amniotic sac | fluid-filled organ that cushions and protects the developing embryo of some vertebrates |
| placenta | organ that develops in female mammals during pregnancy and carries nutrients from the mother to the embryo |
| umbilical cord | structure that connects an embryo to its mother and provides the embryo with nourishment and waste removal |
| trimester | one of three periods of approximately three months each into which a human pregnancy is divided |
| fetus | unborn offspring from the end of the eighth week after conception to the moment of birth |
| infancy | period of life from birth until the ability to walk has been acquired |
| childhood | period of life from age two until puberty |
| adolescence | period of life beginning at puberty and ending at adulthood |
| adulthood | period of life when a person is fully developed and physical growth stops |
