| A | B |
|---|
| Filtration--what is | Physical removal of microbes by passing a gas or liquid through filter |
| filtration--what it is used for | Used to sterilize heat sensitive liquids and air in hospital isolation units and industrial clean rooms |
| High-level germicides --function | kill endospores; may be sterilants |
| High-level germicides -used for | Devices that are not heat sterilizable and intended to be used in sterile environments (body tissue) |
| Intermediate-level of chemical decontamination | kill fungal spores (not endospores), tubercle bacillus, and viruses |
| Intermediate-level of chemical decontamination--how is it used? | Used to disinfect devices that will come in contact with mucous membranes but are not invasive |
| Low-level of chemical decontamination | eliminate only vegetative bacteria, vegetative fungal cells, and some viruses |
| Low-level of chemical decontamination--used for | Clean surfaces that touch skin but not mucous membranes |
| Factors that AfFactors that Affect Germicidal Activity of Chemicals | **Strength and chemical action of the germicide**Time of exposure**Degree of contamination**Nature of the material being treated |
| Halogens-(name 3)-bleach based | Chlorine – Cl2--hypochlorites (chlorine bleach), chloramines |
| Halogens- bleach based | Denature proteins , Intermediate level of germicice,nstable in sunlight, inactivated by organic matter Water, sewage, wastewater, inanimate objects |
| Halogens-iodine based | Iodine - I2, iodophors (betadine) |
| 2 catagories of Halogen | Iodine - I2, iodophors (betadine) and Chlorine – Cl2--hypochlorites (chlorine bleach), chloramines |
| iodophers(Betadine) work by-- | Interferes with protein structure----- Intermediate level--- Milder medical and dental degerming agents, disinfectants, ointments |
| Which of the following is NOT true about Hypochlorites? -- Kills by denaturing proteins-- It is light sensitive-- It is often used for disinfecting water-- It slows the release of iodine | It slows the release of iodine is NOT true |
| How do Phenolics work? | Disrupt cell walls and membranes and precipitate proteins |
| What level of chemical deconamination are phenolics? How are they used? | Low to intermediate level – bactericidal, fungicidal, virucidal, not sporicidal Lysol Triclosan – antibacterial additive to soaps |
| Chlorhexidine-what is it? | A surfactant and protein denaturant with broad microbicidal properties |
| Chlorhexidine-what level is it, examples of product | Low to intermediate level Hibiclens, Hibitane |
| Chlorhexidine--uses | Used as skin degerming agents for preoperative scrubs, skin cleaning, and burns |
