| A | B |
|---|
| Curviform Bacteria | Gram-Negative--- Generally cause enteric diseases |
| Curviform Bacteria examples | Vibrio-- Campylobacter-- Helicobacter |
| Vibrio Cholera | Comma-shaped bacteria is ingested in food or water |
| Vibrio Cholera causes cholera by---- | Releases cholera toxin that causes electrolyte and water loss through secretory diarrhea, “rice water stool”; resulting dehydration leads to muscle, circulatory, and neurological symptoms |
| Vibrio Cholera treatment | Rehydrate and treat with Tetracycline |
| Helicobacter pylori | A gastric pathogen ---Curved cells discovered in 1979 in stomach biopsied specimens |
| Causes 90% of stomach and duodenal ulcers; apparent cofactor in stomach cancer | Helicobacter pylori |
| Produces urease which converts urea into ammonium and bicarbonate | Helicobacter pylori |
| Family Rickettsiaceae | intracellular pathogens that rely on an arthropod vector |
| Family Chlamydiaceae | - intracellular pathogens that alternate between elementary and reticulate bodies |
| Mycoplasmas | - lack a cell wall and are highly pleomorphic |
| Rickettsia Genus | Small obligate intracellular parasites Gram-negative cell wall |
| Rickettsia Genus--what they do | Bacteria enter endothelial cells and cause necrosis of the vascular lining – vasculitis, vascular leakage, and thrombosis |
| Ticks, fleas, and lice are involved in their life cycle | Rickettsia Genus |
| Epidemic typhus | Rickettsia Genus--carried by lice-high fever, headache, rash--recurrent disease |
| Endemic typhus | harbored by mice and rats; occurs sporadically in areas of high flea infestation; milder symptoms (not the same as typhus!) |
| Rocky Mountain spotted fever | carried by dog and wood ticks--distinct spotted rash; may damage heart and CNS |
| ------transmitted to humans through a tick bite and is the most common rickettsial infection in North America | Rickettsia rickettsii --Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
| The organism that causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is found in ____ and transmitted by _____. Mice / Ticks Rodents / Fleas Canines / Urine Humans / Lice | Mice / Ticks |
| Gingivitis | inflammation of gingvia |
| peridontitis | gum inflammation/disease |
| A biofilm found on the tooth surface that is made of multiple species is called ____ Caries Calculus Plaque Peridontitis | Plaque |
