| A | B |
| worldview | the overall perspective that is used to see and interpret the world |
| presupposition | ideas that are not proven to be true but that is assumed to be true |
| model | explains, describe or represent something in the world and works |
| hypothesis | an initial explanation for the problem and provides direction |
| theory | a broad framework that is used to explain observations |
| law | describes different kinds of measurable physical quantities relate to each other |
| data | any information collected by observing nature |
| operational science | the subjects of the research and results of the research operate in the present |
| historical science | investigates things that happened in the unobservable past |
| measured data | use of instruments to produce reliable results |
| descriptive data | use of words to describe observations |
| derived data | taking bits of information to draw a conclusion |