| A | B |
|---|
| Federalism | a system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central, or national, government & several regional governements |
| Division of Powers | basic principle of federalism |
| Delegated Powers | those powers, expressed, implied, or inherent, granted to the National Government by the Constitution |
| Expressed Powers | those delegated powers of the National Government that are spelled out, expressly, in the Constitution; also called the "enumerated powers" |
| Implied Powers | those delegated powers of the National Government that are suggested by the expressed powers set out in the Consitution |
| Inherent Powers | powers the Constitution is presumed to have delegated to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community |
| Reserved Powers | those powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not deny to the States |
| Exclusive Powers | those powers that can be exercised by the National Government alone |
| Concurrent Powers | those powers that both the National Government and the States possess and exercise |
| Supremacy Clause | the section of the Constitution that states that it is the "supreme law of the land" |
| Enabling Act | a congressional act directing the people of a United States territory to frame a proposed State constitution as a step towards admission to the Union |
| Act of Admission | congressional act admitting a new State to the Union |
| Grants-in-Aid Program | grants of federal money or other resources to States, cities, counties & other local units |
| Categorical Grant | one type of federal grants-in-aid; made for some specific, closely defined, purpose |
| Block Grant | one type of federal grants-in-aid for some particular but broadly defined area of public policy |
| Project Grant | one type of federal grants-in-aid; made for specific projects to States, localities, and private agencies who apply for them |
| Interstate Compact | formal agreement entered into with the consent of Congress, between or among States, or between a State & a foreign government |
| Full Faith & Credit Clause | Constitution's requirement that each State accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State |
| Extradition | the legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one State is returned to that State |
| Privileges & Immunities Clause | constitution's stipulation that all citizens are entitled to certain "privileges & immunities" |
