| A | B |
|---|
| biology | study of life |
| organism | an individual living thing |
| scientific method | An orderly & multi-step system which involves asking questions, developing explanations, and testing those explanations against the reality of the natural world |
| hypothesis | a possible explanation, a preliminary conclusion, or a guess at the solution to the problem |
| experiment | a controlled test to "test" the hypothesis |
| control | a benchmark used to measure an effect of a variable against during an experiment |
| variable | a factor that differs among the test groups in an experiment |
| theory | a logical explanation that explains a broad range of observations through experimentation |
| characteristics of life | made of cells; grow & develop; complex chemistry; responds to their environment; reproduces; maintain homeostasis |
| Catabolism | A part of metabolism which involves the breakdown reactions of molecules (some produce energy) |
| Anabolism | A part of metabolism which involves building reactions |
| Homeostasis | To maintain a constant internal environment |
| Emannuel Swedenborg | Studied many areas in science such as physiology, physics, paleontology and geology |
| placebo | a benign substance given to a control group to help take into account the effects of psychosomatic symptoms in a controlled experiment |
| independent variable | The variable in an experiment whose value is not affected by other variables |
| dependent variable | the result of the effect(s) of the applied variable, which can be measured in an experiment |
| placebo effect | Can occur when a person takes a medication that the perceive will help to reduce their symptoms, although it actually has no proven therapeutic effect for their particular condition |
| endotherm | "warm-blooded" - an organism that has an internal “thermostat” that keeps internal temperature stable regardless of external factors |
| ectotherm | "cold-blooded" - an organism that must change its location according to temperature to keep homeostatic |
| characteristics of living organisms | made of cells; genetic code; grow and develop; reproduce; respond to the environment; maintain homeostasis; complex chemistry |
| data | Factual information in which decision making can be based upon; can be collected and be translated to have an informational value and use |
| the kingdoms of life | archaea, bacteria, protista, fungi, plants, animals |
| metabolism | the sum of all biochemical reactions in an organism |
| disproved theories once considered to be fact | demonstrates that commonly accepted as “fact”, or the dominant views among most scientists can change; no theory can ever be “proven true” or become “absolute truth” (science is never “settled”) |
| showed that broth exposed to air caused microorganisms to grow | Lazzaro Spallazani |
| disproved the spontaneous generation of flies on meat | Francesco Redi |
| used S-shaped flasks to show that dust carried microorganisms in the air, disproving spontaneous generation | Louis Pasteur |
| definition of benign | inactive |
| Latin interpretation of "placebo" | "I will please" |
| control group | a placebo is given to this group |
| test group | independent variable is applied to this group |
