| A | B |
| fertile crescent | An arc of good farm land in southwest Asia |
| Mesopotamia | Land between and around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| city-states | cities that function like an individual country |
| dynasty | a series of rulers from a single family |
| polytheism | the belief in more than one god |
| empire | states and countries brought together under one ruler |
| pharaoh | Egyptian kings |
| theocracy | government based on religious authority |
| heiroglyphics | Egyptian writing through pictures |
| feudalism | a political system with nobles are granted land from the king in exchange for loyalty |
| monsoon | strong seasonal winds and rain |
| oracle bones | used to consult the gods |