| A | B |
|---|
| Mohenjo-Daro | A city-state from the Indus River Valley civilization. They had planned cities and plumbing! |
| Nirvana | goal of Buddhism -total release from desire |
| ahimsa | non-violence associated with Hinduism and Buddhism |
| Sati | widow burning to show dharma |
| Hinduism | indian religion that has many gods, but all are from one source. Very diverse and open. Believes in reincarnation and karma and dharma and the caste system |
| Asoka | Mauryan emperor who converted to Buddhism and brought it to his empire |
| joint family | more than one generation |
| karma | good or bad deeds affect your reincarnation |
| dharma | how well you fufill your duties affect your reincarnation |
| Siddhartha Gautama | founder of Buddhism |
| Mauryan Empire | first empire to unify most of India (312-185 BCE) also centralized and promoted Buddhism under Asoka |
| Gupta Empire | unified India (320-540 CE) ruled via mix of centralized and decentralized rule. India had a golden age under them. |
| dowry | gift to the husband upon marriage |
| Buddhism | indian religion that believed in pain and suffering and to end it you must give up desire by following the 8 Fold Path to nirvana |
| aryans | indo-Europeans who came down and conquered northern india |
| caste system | social hiearchy or ranking of ancient india |
| Jainism | indian religion of extreme non-violence! |
| Eight Fold Path | the Buddhist guide to ending desire and obtaining nirvana |
| Qin Shi Haungdi | founder of Qin empire, unified China after the Period of the Warring States, legalistic, built great wall and an awesome tomb |
| Cail Lun | developed paper in China |
| feudalism | type of government that is decentralized: Shang and Zhou |
| Shang | first chinese dynasty -feudal |
| Gao Zu | peasant who started to Han dynasty |
| Daoism | Chinese religion that produces peace and harmony by following the way-goal is to go with the flow of life and to take no action |
| Acupuncture | pins are placed over the body to relieve stress and illness |
| zhou | chinese dynasty that was feudalistic and ruled from 1122-256 BCe -but last part was the warring states. They started the Mandate of Heaven! |
| legalism | all men are evil and need harsh punishments to make them follow rules. Employed by Qin dynasty. |
| Silk Road | trade route started from China that went to Europe-discovered under the Han |
| Mandate of Heaven | the will/ support of god/ heaven to rule. |
| Han | Dynasty of China. Golden Age and ruled from 220 BCE-220 CE (ish) Started Silk Road and fought off the Xiongnu |
| dynastic cycle | rise and fall of dynasties in China |
| Wudi | Han emperor who founded the Silk Road and promoted Confucianism and fought the Xiongnu |
| Time of the Warring States | Period of conflict following the fall of the Zhou dynasty where kingdoms fought each other for power-very chaotic times |
| Confucius | founder of Confucianism-he believed peace and harmony would be brought to society by following and accepting your role |
| Neolithic | start of farming (revolution) |
| inequalities | created in farming communities when surplus wealth was accumulated |
| surplus | extra wealth or resources |
| Catal Huyuk | city in Turkey that was not quite a civilization-walked on their roofs |
| pastoralists | herders-nomads and great at warfare |
| domestication | taming of animals |
| Mesopotamia | fertile land located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| city-states | the political organization of early Mesopotamia-Ur and Uruk are examples |
| monarchy | government form where one person has all authority |
| polytheistic | believing in more than one god-common in Egypt, Mesopotamia, and India |
| cunieform | writing of Mesopotamia -wedge or chicken like writing |
| Gilgamesh | epic literature from Mesopotamia where a bad king becomes a good king |
| Akkadians | first empire of Mesopotamia |
| Babylonians | Mesopotamian empire that created a famous law code (Hammurabi) and where centralized |
| Hittites | nomadic people who took part of the Middle East because of their ability to use iron and light weight war chariots |
| Assyrians | Mesopotamian empire who were violent. They believed if they stopped conquering the world would end |
| judaism | religion of the Jewish people-monotheistic (Abraham and Moses) |
| Israel | state the Jewish people built after leaving Egypt. Fell due to civil war in 922 BCE-Babylonians take over and exile many jews-Babylonian Exile or captivity |
| Persian Empire | created by nomadic peoples who conquered from the Indus River Valley to Egypt and Turkey. Very large empire, very tolerant, believed in zoroastrianism, centralized. Freed Jews from Babylonians Exile. |
| Zoroastrianism | religion of Persian-introducted the concept of dualism |
| pharaoh | god/king of Egypt |
| hieroglyphics | writing of ancient Egypt |
