A | B |
Crusades | military expeditions undertaken by European Christians |
Italian City-State | an Italiat independent state and the territory that surrounds it |
Reformation | the reform movement that resulted in the separation of the Protestantchurches from the Roman Catholic Church |
Middle Ages | also know as Medieval Times |
Hundred Years' War | the longest war of the late Middle Ages: fought between England and France |
Renaissnace | the revival of attention to classical Greek and Roman art, literature, and learning |
Scientific Revolution | the era of scientific thought in Europe |
Protestant | a reformer that protested against the abuses of the Catholic church |
Islam | the religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad |
monotheism | the belief in one god |
priests | a person who has the authority to lead or reform religious ceremonies |
exploration | to have an interest in exploring |
influenza | a contagious disease causing aches and pains |
oral tradition | traditions passed on by word of mouth |
schism | a formal separation within the Christian church |
malaria | a tropical disease carried by mosquitos |
individualism | personal independence |
polytheism | belief in more than one god |
Monarchy | a government ruled by a king or queen |
black plague | a disease that was carried by fleas thta wiped out 1/4 to 1/3 of Europe's population |
95 Thesis | written by Martin Luther-an invitation to debate religious issues |
secular | wordly rather than religious in nature |
pilgrimage | holy journey |
excommunication | depriving someone membership in a church |
feudalism | large landowners or lords gave protection to people in return for their service |