| A | B |
|---|
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live |
| interphase | the period of the cell cycle during which activities such as cell growth and protein synthesis occur without visible signs of cell division |
| chromosomes | in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
| mitosis | in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which that has the same number of chromosomes |
| homologous chromosome | chromosome as that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure |
| meiosis | a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells |
| sexual reproduction | reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that share traits from both parents |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
| fertilization | the union of a male and female gamate to form a zygote |
