| A | B |
|---|
| Vertebrates | Animals with backbones |
| Invertebrates | Animals without backbones |
| Chordate | Phylum that includes vertebrates |
| Arthropods | Includes animals with "jointed" appendages (spiders, insects, crustaceans) |
| Exoskeleton | The outer covering of an insect |
| Crustaceans | Includes crabs, lobsters, shrimp, pill bugs |
| Chilopoda | Includes the centipedes with 1 pair of legs per body sement |
| Diplopoda | Includes the millipedes with 1 pair of legs per body sement |
| Arachnids | Includes organisms with 2 body segments and 4 pairs of legs (spiders & ticks) |
| Insects | Includes organisms with 3 body segments and 3 pairs of legs (grasshoppers & flies) |
| Molting | The shedding of an exoskeleton that allows an invertebrate to grow larger |
| Aquatic | Arthropods that live in water or need water for part of their life cycle (dragonflies, mosquitoes) |
| Terrestrial | Arthropods that live mainly on land (pill bugs & hermit crabs) |
| Protists | Microscopic organisms that can act like animals and plants (algae, protozoans) |
| Fungi | Kingdom of organisms that eat decaying matter (molds, mushrooms) |
| Plants | Multicellular organisms that use chlorophyll to make food |
| Animals | Multicellular organisms that must eat other organisms for food (fish, insects, humans) |
| Locomotion | Refers to the way an organism moves |
| Adaptations | Structures or behaviors that allow animals to perform their functions and survive in their habitats |
| Cells | Basic unit of structure and function in living things |
| Tissues | Groups of cells that perform specific jobs in the body |
| Organs | Group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions. |
| Organ System | Group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
| Radial | Type of symmetry in which lines can be drawn through a central point into 2 mirror images (starfish, sand dollars) |
| Bilateral | Type of symmetry in which only 1 line of can be drawn to create two mirror images (humans, butterflies) |
| Porifera | Asymmetrical organisms that use filter feeder to get food; includes sponges |
| Cnidarians | Organisms with stinging cells (hydra, jellyfish, corals) |
| Worms | Group of invertebrates that includes platyhelminthes, annelids, nematodes |
| Mollusks | Includes gastropods, bivalves, & cephalopods |
| Endoskeleton | Refers to the internal skeleton found in echinoderms |
| Gastropods | Mollusks with a "stomach" foot (snails, slugs) |
| Bivalves | Mollusks with two shells (clams, mussels) |
| Cephalopods | Mollusks that have good vision and large brains (octopus and squid) |
| Echinoderms | Organisms with an endoskeleton and radial symmetry (sea urchins, sea cucumbers) |
| Ecotherm | Another term for a cold-blooded animal whose body temperature changes with its environment |
| Endotherm | Another term for a warm-blooded animal that is able to regulate its own temperature |
| Fish | Ectothermic vertebrates that obtain oxygen through gills; may be bony, jawless, or cartilaginous |
| Amphibians | Ecothermic vertebrates that spends half of its life in water and the other half on land; includes frogs, toads, & salamanders |
| Reptiles | Ecothermic vertebrates with scaly skin, uses lungs to breathe, and lays eggs on land (lizards & turtles) |
| Birds | Endothermic vertebrates that lay hard-shelled eggs on land, uses lungs to breathe, and have feathers |
| Mammals | Endothermic vertebrates with skin that is covered in hair or fur and produce milk for their young |
| Monotremes | Egg-laying mammals, such as platypus and spiny anteaters |
| Placental | Mammals with young that develop inside the mother and use a placenta to exchange materials; includes humans, deer, & bears |
| Marsupials | Mammals whose immature offspring complete their development in an external pouch, such as kangaroos & opossums |
