| A | B |
|---|
| ATOMS | THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF MATTER |
| NUCLEUS | CENTER OF THE ATOM WHERE PROTONS AND NEUTRONS ARE LOCATED |
| PROTONS | POSITIVELY CHARGED PARTICLES |
| ELECTRONS | NEGATIVELY CHARGED PARTICLES |
| NEUTRONS | PARTICLES WITH NO CHARGE |
| ELEMENTS | A PURE SUBSTANCE THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN INTO OTHER SUBSTANCES BY PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL MEANS |
| ISOTOPE | ATOMS OF THE SAME ELEMENT THAT HAVE DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF NEUTRONS: CARBON 14 |
| COMPOUND | A PURE SUBSTANCE FORMED WHEN TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS COMBINE |
| COVALENT BOND | A CHEMICAL BOND FORMED WHEN ELECTRONS ARE SHARED |
| MOLECULE | A COMPOUND IN WHICH THE ATOMS ARE HELD TOGETHER BY COVALENT BONDS |
| ION | A ATOM THAT HAS LOST OR GAINED ONE OR MORE ELECTRONS |
| IONIC BOND | AN ELECTRICAL ATTRACTION BETWEEN 2 OPPOSITELY CHARGED ATOMS |
| VAN DER WAALS FORCES | THE ATTRACTIVE FORCES BETWEEN THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE REGIONS OF MOLECULES THAT HOLD THEM TOGETHER |
| CHEMICAL REACTION | THE PROCESS BY WHICH ATOMS OR GROUPS OF ATOMS IN SUBSTANCES ARE REORGANIZED INTO DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES |
| REACTANT | THE STARTING SUBSTANCES |
| PRODUCT | THE SUBSTANCES FORMED DURING A REACTION |
| ACTIVATION ENERGY | THE MINIMUM AMOUNT OF ENERGY NEEDED FOR REACTANTS TO FORM PRODUCTS IN A CHEMICAL REACTION |
| CATALYST | A SUBSTANCE THAT LOWERS THE ACTIVATION ENERGY NEEDED TO START A CHEMICAL REACTION |
| ENZYME | BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS: THEY ARE ESSENTIAL TO LIFE |
| SUBSTRATE | THE REACTANTS THAT BIND TO THE ENZYME |
| ACTIVE SITE | THE SPECIFIC LOCATION WHERE A SUBSTRATE BINDS TO AN ENZYME |
| POLAR MOLECULE | AN UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF CHARGES: OPPOSITES CHARGED REGIONS |
| HYDROGEN BOND | A WEAK INTERACTION INVOLVING A HYDROGEN ATOM AND A FLOURINE, OXYGEN, OR NITROGEN ATOM |
| MIXTURE | A COMBINATION OF TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES IN WHICH EACH RETAINS ITS INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS OR PROPERTIES |
| SOLUTION | A HOMOGENOUS MIXTURE |
| SOLVENT | A SUBSTANCE IN WHICH ANOTHER SUBSTANCE IS DISSOLVED |
| SOLUTE | THE SUBSTANCES THAT IS DISSOLVED |
| ACID | SUBSTANCES THAT RELEASE HYDROGEN IONS WHEN THEY ARE DISSOLVED IN WATER |
| BASE | SUBSTANCES THAT RELEASE HYDROXIDE IONS WHEN THEY ARE DISSOLVED IN WATER |
| pH | THE MEASURE OF CONCENTRATION OF H+ IN A SOLUTION |
| BUFFER | MIXTURES THAT CAN REACT WITH ACIDS OR BASES TO KEEP THE pH WITHIN A PARTICULAR RANGE |
| MACROMOLECULE | LARGE MOLECULES FORMED BY JOINING SMALLER ORGANIC MOLECULES |
| POLYMER | MOLECULES MADE FROM REPEATING UNITS OF OF IDENTICAL OR NEARLY IDENTICAL COMPOUNDS |
| CARBOHYDRATE | COMPOUNDS COMPOSED OF C, H, AND O IN A RATION OF 1:2:1 |
| LIPID | MOLECULES MADE OF MOSTLY C AND H THAT MAKE UP FATS, OILS, AND WAXES |
| PROTEIN | A COMPOUND MADE UP OF AMINO ACIDS |
| AMINO ACID | SMALL COMPOUNDS MADE OF C, N, O, H, AND SOMETIMES S: THEY MAKE PROTEINS |
| NUCLEIC ACID | COMPLEX MACROMOLECULES THAT STORE AND TRANSMIT GENETIC INFORMATION: RNA AND DAN |
| NUCLEOTIDE | SUBUNITS OF C, N, O, P, AND H THAT FORM NUCLEIC ACIDS |
| COLLOID | A HETEROGENOUS MIXTURE IN WHICH PARTICLE DO NOT SETTLE OUT LIKE SAND SETTLES FROM WATER |
| HYDROPHOBIC | WATER HATING |
