| A | B |
| Dictator | Ruler with almost unlimited power |
| Twelve Tables and U.S. Constitution | Both written to protect people's rights |
| Alps | Major mountain range to the north of Italy |
| Romulus | Rome was named after him |
| Republic | Type of government in which people elect representatives |
| Nobles | Patricians |
| Forum | Center of life in Rome |
| Common people | Plebeians |
| Checks and balances | Used to balance the power of government |
| Aeneas | Trojan War hero; founded Rome |
| Land of Italy | Hilly, mountainous, and good for growing crops |
| Spartacus | Leader of a slave revolt |
| Italy's ancient cities | Built on top of hills |
| Senate | Council of wealthy and powerful Roman advisors |
| V | Roman numeral for 5 |
| Toga | Article of clothing for the Romans |
| Bath house | Location for the Romans to socialize and clean themselves |
| Atrium | Airy central courtyard |
| Punishment for a crime | Way in which a person could become a slave |
| Remus | Killed by his brother; founded Rome |