| A | B |
|---|
| autotroph | an organism that makes its own food. (plants) |
| heterotroph | an organism or animal that cannot use the sun to get energy. |
| adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | one of the most important compounds that cells use to store and release energy |
| ATP is made of what? | 3 phosphates |
| ATP releases energy by... | releasing 1 phosphate |
| after ATP releases a phosphate it is called... | ADP |
| ADP is made of... | 2 phosphates |
| another name for autotroph | producer |
| photosynthesis | plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrates and oxygen. |
| pigment | light-absorbing molecules |
| chlorophyll | the main pigment in plants that makes them green |
| thylakoid | photosystems in a photosynthetic membrane, where chlorophyll is stored |
| the Calvin Cycle takes place in the... | stroma |
| photosystem | light collecting units of the chloroplast |
| granum | stack of thylakoids |
| stroma | the space outside the thylakoid membranes |
| light dependent reaction takes place in the... | thylakoid |
| light dependent reaction | uses energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH |
| Photosystem II | light absorbed and used to break up water molecules into energized electrons, hydrogen ions (H+), and oxygen |
| Photosystem I | electrons released from Photosystem II are energized again |
| Electron Transport Chain | transports high-energy electrons from Photosystem II to Photosystem I |
| Hydrogen Ion Movement | Inside the thylakoid, fills up with positive(+) charged hydrogen ions making the outside negatively(-) charged. |
| ATP Formation | as hydrogen ions pass through ATP synthase, their energy is used to convert ADP into ATP |
| Calvin Cycle | ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to produce high-energy sugars |
