| A | B |
|---|
| Autonomic dysreflexia | is an exaggerated sympathetic response in patient’s with SCIs at or above T6 “Noxious” Stimuli such as full bladder or fecal impaction triggers a hypertensive crisis. |
| Autonomic dysreflexia symptoms | Pounding headache HTN Flushed, diaphoretic above lesion Cold, pale, dry below lesion Goosebumps; anxiety Possible seizures, CVA, death. |
| Autonomic dysreflexia treatment | Elevate HOB Antihypertensive meds Monitor BP Check bladder, foley Remove fecal impaction |
| Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): | Temporary reduction in cerebral blood flow Reversible neurologic deficits: several minutes to 24 hrs Warning sign of an impending or future stroke Carotid endarterectomy |
| TIA signs and symptoms | Dizziness Loss of vision in one eye Numbness/weakness on 1 side of the body Aphasia |
| Risk for Ineffective Airway Clearance(During seizure interventions) | Loosen clothing Turn on side Do not force anything into mouth Provide oxygen and suction as needed |
| MS discharge care | manage fatigue, decreased mobility, prevent physical over exertion, decrease stress, decrease infection, urinary incontinence, constipation, and respiratory status |
| Disturbed Sensory Perception for Seizure | Clutter free and well lit environment. -Place items on unaffected side. -Teach clt to turn head and move eyes toward affected side of body. -Approach from unaffected side. -If unilateral neglect, have clt hand affected extremities. |
| sinemet | increases dopamine in brain, report “on-off” effect ; Prevents its destruction. Levodopa is the most effective drug for Parkinson’s; Monitor for hypotension |
| Alzheimer's safety | Wandering: Check if hungry, wet, in pain, needs the bathroom, afraid, looking for something; Distract; Use “Stop” sign; Provide with structure activities; Wear Medic Alert Bracelet; Ensure doors are locked and cannot be opened Sundowning: Keep area well lit and stimuli low Refusal to bathe: Try to determine the reason; Reassure if fearful: Offer assistance and move slowly |
| ICP sign | Changes in level of consciousness (LOC), pupil response, speech, motor function and VS |
| Lumbar puncture | position the patient on his/her side, knees shall be drawn to chest, head bent,(fetal position) |
| Alzheimer medication | Cholinesterase Inhibitors (Cognex, Aricept, Exelon, Razadyne): Improves cognitive functioning and improves behaviors, increases acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine ↑ acetylcholine inhibits breakdown of acetycholine (50% show some improvement Namenda: reduces brain cell destruction Glutamate Inhibitors (Ebixa): blocks glutamine/ protects cells SSRI’s: Antidepressants (Prozac): treat depression Antipsychotics (Risperdal): control behavioral symptoms |
| Head Injury complications: Report to the ER | Increased drowsiness… Difficulty waking patient Vomiting Blurred vision Dilated pupils Prolonged headache Clear drainage: nose/ ears Weakness in arm or leg Seizures |
| neglect syndrome | Unaware of the existence of their paralyzed side |
