| A | B |
|---|
| False Needs | Author amplifies perceived need or creates a new need |
| Hasty Generalization | Conclusion is reached without enough evidence provided or nuances of the issue addressed |
| Either-Or Argument | Oversimplified a complex issue |
| Stacking the Evidence | Only one side of an argument is presented |
| Begging the Question | Argument is evidence for itself, evading the issue |
| Red Herring | Argument that uses unrelated information to distract from issue at hand |
| Straw man | Visual metaphor of the straw man effectively represents this fallacy; the writer sets up a fake or distorted representation of a counterargument so as to have something to easily argue against and to present the writers own position in a move favorable light |
| Equivocation | Argument that fall prey to this fallacy use ambiguous terminology that misleads the audience or confuses the issue |
| False Analogy | Claims that two things resemble each other when they actually do not |
| Ad Hominem | Persuade by reducing the credibility of opposing positions through attacks on the persons character |
| Argument from Authority | The writer contends to be an authority--or holds another up to be an authority--based on an overinflated or fallacious suggestion of expertise |
| Authority over Evidence | Involves the practice of overemphasizing authority or ethos rather than focusing on the merits of the evidence itself. |
