| A | B |
|---|
| wave | disturbance that transfers enery from place to place |
| medium | material through which a mechanical wave travles |
| mechanical wave | wave that requires a medium |
| vibration | repeated back and forth or up and down movement |
| transverse wave | disturbance that vibrates at right angles to the direction in which the wave energy is traveling |
| crest | highest part of a wave |
| trough | lowest part of a wave |
| longitudinal wave | disturbance is parallel to the direction in which the wave is traveling; compression |
| compressions | part of the longitudinal wave where the particles are close together |
| rarefactions | part of the longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart |
| surface wave | seismic wave that is a combination of transverse and longitudinal waves |
| amplitude | maximum distance the particles of the medium carring the wave move away from the resting poing |
| frequency | number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time |
| Hertz | unit of measurement for frequency |
| refraction | the bending of waves |
| diffraction | bending of waves around the edge of a barrier |
| primary wave | seismic wave; first to arrive at a seismic station, travels faster than other seismic waves |
| secondary waves | seismic wave; second to reach a seismic station |
| tsunamis | huge surface waves; frequently caused by underwater earthquakes |
| seismographs | detect and measure earthquake waves |
| wavelength | Generally, the distance between the crest of one wave and the crest of the next wave. |
| reflection | bouncing back of a wave when it hits a surface through which it cannot pass |
| seismic wave | wave produced by an earthquake |
