| A | B |
|---|
| brain stem | Controls involuntary activities such as breathing |
| cerebrum | Directs motor activities |
| cerebellum | Controls muscular coordination, balance, and posture |
| pituitary gland | Releases hormones that control metabolism and sexual development |
| spinal cord | Controls simple reflexes that do not involve the brain |
| thalamus | Controls the way emotions are expressed |
| dendrite | Receives information from other neurons and passes it on to the body of the nerve cell; reaches toward dendrites of other neurons for transmission |
| cell body | Processes the information received |
| axon | Carries information from cell body to dendrites at its tip; releases neurotransmitters |
| myelin | Coating on axons that makes transmission easier |
| synapse | Gap between dendrites of difference neurons across which neurotransmitters travel to relay information from one neuron to another |
| stimulation | To encourage something such as an activity or a process so that brain activity will begin, increase, or develop |
| Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development | A theory made up of sensorimotor period, preoperational period, concrete operations, and formal operations expressed by Jean Piaget |
| sensorimotor period | A period in Piaget's Theory where children learn through the senses |
| object permanence | The knowledge that objects have an existence in time and space, independent of whether or not they can be seen or touched |
| language development | The human use of spoken or written words as a communication system |
| nonverbal | Using gestures and moving instead of words to communicate |
| word association | Method of assessing somebody's mental state or personality by asking the person to respond with the first word that comes to mind when a given word is heard |
| first word | Same sound used more than once to refer to person, place, or event |
