| A | B |
|---|
| Diffusion | Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration |
| Osmosis | Movement of water across the cell membrane from high concentration to low concentration |
| Equilibrium | The point when all particles are evenly distributed |
| Passive Transport | the movement of substances across a cell membrane without using energy |
| Active Transport | the movement of substances across a cell membrane using energy |
| Endocytosis | the process by which the cell membrane surrounds a particle to bring it into the cell |
| Exocytosis | the process by which the cell membrane surrounds a particle to bring it out of the cell |
| Vesicle | sac formed by the cell membrane to encase a particle |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which plants use sunlight to make food |
| Photosynthesis | Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light= Glucose + Oxygen |
| Cellular Respiration | The process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food |
| Cellular Respiration | Oxygen + Glucose (food) = Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy |
| Fermentation | Breakdown of food without the use of oxygen |
| Chloroplast | The organelle in a plant cell responsible for photosynthesis |
| Mitochondria | The organelle in a cell responsible for cellular respiration |
| Cell Cycle | The life cycle of a cell- 5 steps |
| Chromosome | Structures in nucleus made of DNA |
| Homologous Chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and same structure- one from each parent |
| Mitosis | Process of cell division that forms two new nucleus , each identical to the original cell |
| Cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm |
| Interphase | Cell grows and makes copies of organelles and chromosomes |
| Prophase | Nuclear membrane dissolves, chromosomes shorten and thicken |
| Metaphase | chromosomes line up at the equator and homologous chromosomes pair up |
| Anaphase | Chromatids separate and move to opposite poles |
| Telophase | Nuclear membrane reforms, chromosomes unwind |
| Cytokinesis | Cell pinches into two, in plants a cell plate forms |
