| A | B |
|---|
| Personality | the sum total of behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values that are characteristic of an individual |
| Heredity | the transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children. |
| Instinct | an unchanging, biologically inherited behavior pattern. |
| Sociobiology | the systematic study of the biological basis of all social behavior. |
| Aptitude | a capacity to learn a particular skill or acquire a particular body of knowledge. |
| Feral children | children wild or untamed children. |
| John B. Watson | psychologist that suggested that what applies to dogs can also be applied to humans. |
| Kingsley Davis | sociologist who studied the feral children Anna and Isabelle. |
| Rene Spitz | psychologist who studied the effects of institutionalization on a group of infants in 1945. the children were given food and proper medical care but otherwise had little to no human contact. |
| Socialization | the interactive process through which people learn the basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of a society. |
| Self | your conscious awareness of possessing a distinct identity that separates you and your environment from other members of society. |
| Looking-glass self | the interactive process by which we develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others. |
| Role-Taking | not only to see ourselves as others see us but actually take on or pretend to take the roles of others. |
| Significant others | to internalize the expectations of the people closest to us. i.e. parents, relatives, siblings, and others who have a direct influence on our socialization. |
| Generalized other | the internalized attitudes, expectations, and viewpoints of society. |
| I | the un-socialized, spontaneous, self-interested component of personality and self-identity. |
| Me | the part of ourselves that is aware of the expectations and attitudes of society-the socialized self. |
| John Locke | English philosopher from the 1600s, insisted that each newly born human being is a tabla rasa, or clean slate, on which just about anything can be written. Locke claims that each of us is born without a personality. |
| Charles Horton Cooley | social psychologist Charles Horton Cooley was one of the founders of the interactionist perspective in sociology. He is most noted for his development of the idea of the primary group and for his theory explaining how individuals develop a sense of self. |
| George Herbert Mead | American philosopher George Herbert Mead, another founder of the interactionist perspective, developed ideas related to Cooley's theories. According to Mead, seeing ourselves as others see us is only the beginning. Eventually we not only see ourselves as others see us but actually take on or pretend to take the roles of others. |
| Agents of socialization | Agents of socialization describes the specific individuals, groups, and institutions that enable socialization to take place. |
| Peer group | a primary group composed of individuals of roughly equal age and similar social characteristics. |
| Mass media | instruments of communication that reach large audiences with no personal contact between those sending the information and those receiving it. |
| Total institution | a setting in which people are isolated from the rest of society for a set period of time and are subject to tight control. |
| Re-socialization | involves a break with past experiences and the learning of new values and norms. |
