| A | B |
|---|
| Writ of habeas corpus | protects an individual from unlawful detention |
| Bill of Attainder | an act of the legislature that inflicts punishment on an individual or group without a judicial trial |
| Ex post facto laws | a law that criminalizes an act that was not a crime when committed |
| Common law | judicial decisions based on custom and earlier decisions that would be applied consistently by royal judges |
| Rule of law | a concept that everyone must obey the law |
| Precedents | previous court decisions |
| Sovereignty | supreme power |
| Stare decisis | Let the decision stand |
| Constitution | a plan of government that sets forth the powers and structure of the government |
| Reserved powers | powers given to the states |
| Implied powers | powers that are not stated in the Constitution but are necessary to carry out the delegated powers |
| Concurrent powers | powers shared between the states and federal governments |
| Enumerated powers | rights and responsibilities of the federal government that are listed in the Constitution |
| Confederation | a political organization in which the sovereign states join together for certain specified purposes |
| Federalism | power is divided between the federal and state governments |
