| A | B |
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| Biomedical Science | The application of the principles of the natural sciences, especially biology and physiology, to clinical medicine. |
| Control Group | The group in an experiment where the independent variable being tested is not applied so that it may serve as a standard for comparison against the experimental group where the independent variable is applied. |
| Dependent Variable | The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested. |
| Experiment | A research study conducted to determine the effect that one variable has upon another variable. |
| Forensic Science | The application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil and criminal law. |
| Hypothesis | Clear prediction of the anticipated results of an experiment. |
| Independent Variable | The variable that is varied or manipulated by the researcher. |
| Negative Control | Control group where conditions produce a negative outcome. Negative control groups help identify outside influences which may be present that were not accounted for when the procedure was created. |
| Personal Protective Equipment | Specialized clothing or equipment, worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials (as defined by OSHA). |
| Positive Control | Group expected to have a positive result, allowing the researcher to show that the experimental set up was capable of producing results. |
| Adenine | A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base. |
| Chromosome | Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain the genetic material. |
| Cytosine | A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins. |
| Gel Electrophoresis | The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electrical field in a gel. |
| Gene | A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses). |
| Guanine | A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a purine base. |
| Helix | Something spiral in form. |
| Model | A simplified version of something complex used, for example, to analyze and solve problems or make predictions. |
| Nucleotide | A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |
| Restriction Enzyme | A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA. |
| Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) | Differences in DNA sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of restriction fragment lengths (DNA segments resulting from treatment with restriction enzymes). |
| Thymine | A component of nucleic acid that carries hereditary information in DNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. |
| Autopsy | An examination of the body after death usually with such dissection as will expose the vital organs for determining the cause of death. |
| Bibliography | A document showing all the sources used to research information. |
| Citation | A written reference to a specific work (book, article, dissertation, report, musical composition, etc.) by a particular author or creator which identifies the document in which the work may be found. |
| Documentation | The act of creating citations to identify resources used in writing a work. |
| Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) | A comprehensive set of standards and practices designed to give patients specific rights regarding their personal health information. |
| Medical Examiner | A physician who performs an autopsy when death may be accidental or violent. He or she may also serve in some jurisdictions as the coroner. |
