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| How did the Enlightenment influenced revolutionary thought | by instilling a belief in the natural rights of man |
| The Declaration of Independence states, “That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it.” Which Enlightened idea do these words describe | social contract between government and the people. |
| The American Revolution was motivated by which Enlightened idea | that all men are created equal. |
| Which group directly challenged the political philosophy expressed in the statement below? “The person of the king is sacred, and to attack him in any way is an attack on God itself. Kings represent the Divine Majesty and have been appointed to Him to carry out His purposes. Serving God and respecting kings are bound together.” - Bishop Jacques Bossuet | Writers of the Enlightenment |
| Who was the philosopher who separated the government into three branches of government and argued for separation of powers | Montesquieu. |
| The ideas expressed by Locke in the excerpt below helped inspire which of the following? “If man in the state of nature is free, and lord of his own possessions, why will he give up his freedom? The answer is that rights in the state of nature are constantly exposed to attack by others. Hence each man joins in society to preserve his life, liberty, and property. Whenever the ruler endeavors to take away the property of the people, or reduce them to slavery…they are removed from any further obedience and left to…rise up with force and violence.” -John Locke, from The Second Treatise of Government (1690) | American Revolution |
| Which belief of the Enlightenment thinkers contribute to changes in relationships between citizens and governments | governments are instituted to protect citizens’ rights. |
| John Locke believed that the government had an obligation to the people it governed to protect their natural rights. According to Locke, If the government failed to do this, then what did the people have the right to do | overthrow the government. |
| Who was the philosopher who believed that all people are born free and equal, with the rights to life, liberty, and property | John Locke |
| During the early Revolutionary period, American colonists used many methods to show their opposition to British taxation. Which method did they use to show their opposition to taxes imposed by the British government | American colonists boycotted British goods, such as sugar and tea |
| Montesquieu believed that to prevent tyranny in government there should be a separation of powers. Which of the following best illustrates this idea | Factories and businesses should be owned by the government rather than by individuals. |
| In exploring the relationship between governments and people, Thomas Hobbes argued that governments resulted from a social contract to maintain and orderly society. John Locke, another philosopher of the Enlightenment, inspired American revolutionaries by arguing that a new social contract could be instituted under what circumstance | if a government violated people’s natural rights |
| Enlightenment philosophes such as John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau challenged the idea of the divine right of kings. They wrote about a government’s obligations to uphold people’s rights and how the government should be based on the consent of the governed. What did these new ideas encourage people to d | engage in revolutions to establish democratic governments. |
| What was one idea that the leaders of the American Revolution shared with Enlightenment thinkers | The people have the right to overthrow their government if it abuses its powers. |
