| A | B |
|---|
| Class 1 | occlusal areas or buccal and lingual pits (molars/premolars) |
| Class II | posterior teeth interproximal (molars/premolars) |
| Class III | anterior teeth interproximal (incisors/canines) |
| Class IV | anterior interproximal including incisal corner (incisors/canines) |
| Class V | gingival at facial or ligual (any tooth) |
| Class VI | cusp tip |
| functions of provisional crown | Reduces sensitivity and discomfort. Maintains the function and esthetics. Protects the margins. Prevents shifting |
| provides a “temporary wall” for the restoration process of class II, III and IV preparations. | matrix system |
| Holds matrix band in position; Positioned most commonly from the buccal surface of the tooth being restored | tofflemire retainer |
| Larger circumference is the occlusal edge Smaller circumference is the gingival edge | placing tofflemire |
| Positioned into the lingual embrasure of Class II preparation after band placement | wedge |
| Used in Class III and IV restorations | mylar strip |
| medical health hx | includes past medical hx, present physical conditions, allergies, medications, |
| dental health hx | dental hx contains previous dental hx and care |
| progress note | includes date, tooth number, treatment, communication w/patient |
| presence of lactobacilli in the mouth indicates a high intake of | fermentable carbohydrate |
| Mutans streptococci | cause of dental caries along with lactobacilli |
| demineralization | calcium and phosphate dissolve from enamel; loss of minerals |
| remineralization | calcium and phosphate redeposit in previously demineralized areas. |
| lesion develops when caries begins to demineralize the enamel. | insipient caries (first stage of |
| Cavitation (2nd stage of caries formation) | cavitation, the development of a cavity or hole in the tooth |
| most common form of pathogen transmission | hands |
| the single most important factor in preventing the spread of pathogens and antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings | clean hands |
| excisional biopsy | involves removal of entire lesion plus adjacent normal tissue |
| exfoliative biopsy | diagnostic procedure in which cells are scraped from a suspect oral lesion for analysis |
| incisional biopsy | section or wedge of suspect oral lesion that is removed for evaluation |
| this is a process where living cells of the jawbone naturally grow around the implanted dental supports | osseointegration |
| this screws into the jawbone and serves as a support for a denture or an implant crown | abutment |
| the final restoration which is cemented onto the abutment portion of the implant is called | implant crown |
| the entire implant process can take anywhere from | 3 to 9 months |
| a vasoconstrictor is added to a local anesthetic because | lengthens the duration of action of the local anesthetic |
| this cement is exothermic and must be mixed on a glass slab | zinc phosphate |
| glass ionomer cement differs from other cements in the unique property of | releasing fluoride |
| the injection technique most preferred by dentists on the mandibular arch is | inferior alveolar nerve block |
| aspiration allows the dentist to determine the | correct placement of anesthetic |
| what type of anesthesia is frequently used on mnadibular teeth and injected near a major nerve in order to numb the entrée area served by that nerve branch | block |
| what is the greatest concentration of vasoconstrictor in local anesthetic | 1:20,000 (the smaller the number the greater the concentration) |
| agents that provide a temporary numbing on nerve endings located on the surface of the oral mucosa | topical anesthetics |
| what is achieved by injecting the anesthetic solution directly into the tissue at the site of the dental procedure | infiltration anesthesia |
| Local | Type of anesthesia that is the most frequently used form of pain control in dentistry. |
| The _______ the guage number the ______ the needle | larger, thinner (inverse relationship) |
| most frequently used guage sizes | 25, 27, 30 |
| applicator remains on site when applying topical anesthetic | 15 to 30 seconds |
| this instrument is used to loosen/cut periodontal ligament before an extraction | periosteal elevator |
| zoe dressing | patient experience redness, burning, and pain in area of dressing |
| ZOE (eugenol dressing) | be mixed and stored for later |
| noneugenol dressing | most widely used; cannot be mixed and stored for later |
| operator zone for right handed dentist | 7 o'clock to 12 o'clock |
| operator zone for left handed dentist | 12 o'clock to 5 o'clock to |
| transfer zone right hades dentist | 4 o'clock to 7 o'clock |
| assistant zone right handed dentist | 2 o'clock to 4 o'clock |
| assistant zone left handed dentist | 8 o'clock to 10 o'clock |
| glossitis | inflammation of tongue |
| geographic tongue | surface of tongue loses papillae in irregular patten |
| which sugar has the greatest decay causing potential | sucrose |
| xylitol | sugar substitute helps prevent caries |
| NEVER use UltraSonic scaler | communicable disease, immunocompromised such as HIV, respiratory and cardiac disease |
| what instrument is used to remove fragments that have broken off during extraction procedure | root tip pick |
| which instrument is used in a push-pull motion to smooth the surface of the bone | bone file |
| Framework Connector Retainer Rest Artificial teeth | components partial denture |
| component of full denture | Base Flange, Post dam Artificial teeth |
| indirect pulp cap | calcium hydroxide (dycal) on dentin to build it up; dentin still present |
| direct pulp cap | dycal (calcium hydroxide) the pulp when pulp is exposed |
| necrotic pulp | is NOT sensitive to hot or cold |
| pulpotomy | removal of coronal portion of tooth |
| down syndrome | disorder is also called trisomy 21 |
| cerebral pulsy | nonprogressive neural disorder is caused by brain damage that occurred prenatally, during birth, or postnatally |
| excisional biopsy | removal of lesion for examination |
| exfoliative cytology | brush for cells for examination |
| nonabsorbable suture | Nylon, silk, polyester; removed in 5 to 7 days |
| absorbable suture | catgut |
| this is commonly know as "dry socket" | alveolitis |
| thin wire is placed within the bracket to provide a pattern for the dental arch to take its shape from and to guide the teeth in movement; | arch wire |
| Ligature ties that have been spot welded at the tip form hooks for the attachment of elastics | Kobayashi hooks |
| a negative reproduction of dental structures | impressions |
| most accurate reproduction of the teeth and surrounding tissues | final impression |
| Core buildup Pin retention Post and core | provide additional support to crown if tooth severely decayed |
| fixed bridge | recommended when one or multiple teeth are missing in the same quadrant |
| inlay | Covers a portion of the occlusal and proximal surface |
| Covers proximal surfaces and most or all of the occlusal surface | onlay |
| Completely covers the anatomic crown of an individual tooth | full crown |
| osseointegration | living cells of bone grow around dental support; takes 3 to 6 months |
| titanium | implants and abutments commonly made from this |
| subperiostial | implant is a metal frame place UNDER the periostium on top of bone |
| curette | removes SUBGINGIVAL calculus |
| kirkland knives | most common type of surgical knife;double-ended, with kidney-shaped blades. |
| orban knives | used to remove tissue from the interdental areas;shaped like spears and have cutting edges on both sides of their blades. |
| periotome | used to cut periodontal ligament for tooth extraction |
| polycarboxylate | can be placed under ALL types of direct and indirect restorations |
| intrusion | displacement of a tooth INTO it's socket as a result of injury |
| extrusion | displacement of tooth OUT from its socket as a result of injury |
| avulsed tooth | when a tooth is torn away of dislodged by force |
| pontic | artificial tooth |
| abutment | natural tooth that serves as a support for replacement of teeth |
| unit | describes the number of parts (teeth) in a bridge example a bridge replacing one missing tooth is a three unit bridge (two abutments and a pontic) |
| malocclusion | any deviation from normal occlusion |
| Class I malocclusion (neutrocclusion) | molars have normal relationship but ANTERIOR teeth are out of alignment |
| rampant caries | multiple lesions throughout the mouth (can occur after excessive intake of sucrose or xerostemia) |
| recurrent caries | caries which forms in spaces or margins of an existing restoration |
| black hairy tongue | caused by oral flora imbalance after taking antibiotics |
| subjective note | information from the patient symptoms |
| objective note | information observed by the dental provider mobility; discoloration, swelling, extent of decay |
| Class II Malocclusion (distocclusion) | maxillary anterior teeth protrude over the mandibular anterior teeth; mandible DISTAL to maxilla |
| Class III Malocclusion (Mesiocclusion) | mandiblular anterior teeth protrude over the maxillary anterior teeth; mandible is MESIAL to the maxilla |
| occlusion are classified using what teeth | 1st maxillary and mandibular molar |
| prognathic | profile of face with Class III malocclusion |
| retrognathic | profile of face with class II malocclusion |
| overbite | increased vertical overlap of maxillary incisors |
| overjet | excessive protrusion of maxillary incisors creates space between maxilla and mandibular incisors |
| cephalometric radiographs | extra oral allow for determining anatomic basis for malocclusion |
| ligature ties used in orthodontics | may be made of thin stainless steel wire or tiny elastic bands |
| forceps extraction | tooth is fully erupted with intact crown |
| soft tissue impaction | tooth located under the gingival surface |
| hard tissue impaction | tooth is partially or totally covered by tissue and bone |
| plain catgut sutures | Suture with fastest healing for mucous membranes and subcutaneous tissues |
| periodontal probes | depth of periodontal pockets |
| scalers | remove SUPRGINGIVAL calculus |
| performed after scaling procedures to remove any remaining particles of calculus and necrotic cementum | root planing |
| percussion test | used to determine whether the inflammatory process has extended into the periapical tissues |
| thermal sensivity | necrotic pulp will not respond to hot or cold |
| apical curettage | remove necrotic tissue around root apex |
| gutta percha | root canal filling agent |
| periodontal abcess | inflammatory reaction is frequently caused by bacteria trapped in the periodontal sulfas |
| Periradicular abscess | inflammatory reaction to pulpal infection |
