| A | B |
|---|
| medieval | Latin for “middle age” |
| frontier | sparsely populated, undeveloped area on the outskirts of civilization |
| missi dominici | officials sent out by Charlemagne to check on the nobles and to make sure that justice was carried out |
| curriculum | formal course of study |
| Islam | religion born in 622 A.D. and spread from Arabia across Northern Africa into Spain |
| Treaty of Verdun | an agreement that split the Frankish empire into three parts |
| Vikings | barbarians/raiders who attacked coastal cities after the Treaty of Verdun causing a further decline of Medieval Europe |
| Clovis | a Frankish leader who united all the tribes of Gaul in 481 A.D. |
| Charlemagne | a great Frankish King who was crowned by Pope Leo III and to be the Emperor of all Romans |
| Franks | one of the Germanic tribes of Europe that became dominant with the fall of Western Rome |
| Battle of Tours | fight where Muslim armies were halted in Western Europe |
| Charles Martel | a Frankish leader who stopped the Muslim armies in Western Europe |
| muslim | believers in Islam |
| Magyars | nomadic people who attacked Byzantine Empire and Europe later driven to settle in modern day Hungary |
| Aachen | Charlemagne's capital city that became a center of Latin learning |
