| A | B |
|---|
| glycogen | carbohydrate storage in animals; excess glucose stored in humans |
| starch | carbohydrate storage in plants |
| cellulose & lactose | types of carbohydrate |
| proteins | type of organic compounds that are enzymes; contain only carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen; building blocks of amino acids; catalysts for chemical reactions |
| enzymes | decrease activation energy in chemical reactions; biological catalysts; highly specific; have an optimal temperature & optimal pH |
| amylase | type of enzyme in the mouth |
| polymer | made up of many monomers |
| -ase | ending for most enzymes |
| carbohydrates | contain only carbon, hydrogen & oxygen; examples are starch & glucose; short-term energy |
| lock & key model | another term for enzyme-substrate complex |
| enzyme-substrate complex | another term for lock & key model |
| nitrogen | element found in proteins & nucleic acids, but not in carbohydrates & lipids |
| pepsin | type of enzyme in the stomach |
| -ose | ending for most sugars |
| lipids | source of long-term stored energy; part of cell membrane; fats, oils, waxes & steroids |
| nucleic acids | contain only carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, & phosphorus; determine which traits may be inherited; examples are DNA & RNA |
| temperature & pH | causes enzymes to become denatured |
| Sudan IV & grease spot on brown bag | used to test for lipids |
| Biuret reagent | used to test for proteins |
| organic chemistry | study of compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms |
| polymerization | process by which macromolecules are formed |
| carbon | element included in every organic molecule; found in all organisms |
| iodine/Lugol's solution | used to test for starch |
| Benedict's Solution | used to test for sugar |
| insulin & hemoglobin | examples of proteins |
| fatty acids & glycerol | subunits of lipids |
| nucleotides | subunits of nucleic acids |
| polysaccharides | two or more monosaccharides; complex sugars |
| monosaccharides | simple sugars |
