| A | B |
| Constraints | What resources are available? (Time, energy, people, capital, materials, tools and machines, information) |
| Brainstorming | A group problem-solving design process in which each person in the group presents his or her ideas in an open forum. |
| Engineering | The systematic application of mathematical, scientific, and technical principles produces tangible end products that meet our needs and desires. |
| Criteria | What it is that we need to do. |
| Scientific Method | Make an observation, Gather information, Form a hypothesis, Conduct experiments, Analyze results, and Present findings. |
| Innovation | The process of altering an existing product or system to improve it. |
| Technology | The use of knowledge to turn resources in to goods and services that extend our capabilities. |
| Invention | Creation of a new and unique product. |
| Science | The study of the natural world. |
| Prototype | A full-size working model used to test a design. |
| Engineering Design Process | Defining the Challenge Explore Ideas Plan & Develop Test Idea Present the Solution |
| Technological Design Process | Identify the problem, Gather information, Develop alternative solutions, Select the best solution, Implement the solution, Evaluate the solution. |