| A | B |
|---|
| stress | in geology, forces that push and pull on the Earth's crust causing deformation |
| deformation | in geology, any change in the original shape or volume of rock |
| compression | type of stress that squeezes rocks together |
| tension | in geology, the type of stres that pulls rocks apart |
| shearing | type of stress that pushes rocks of the crust in opposite horizontal directions |
| fracture | break or crack in rocks or minerals |
| fault | break or crack along which rocks move |
| hanging wall | block of rock above a fault |
| foot wall | block or rock below a fault |
| normal fault | fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the foot wall |
| reverse fault | fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the foot wall |
| thrust fault | reverses fault in which the hanging wall slides over the foot wall |
| fault block mountain | mountain formed by blocks or rock uplifted along normal faults |
| rift valley | valley formed when the block of land between two normal faults slides down |
| fold | bend in rock |
| anticline | upward fold in rock |
| syncline | downward fold in rock |
| dome | raised round area formed by magma pushing upward on rock layers above it |
| mantle | layer of the Earth that extends from the bottom of the crust to the outer core |
| isotacy | balancing of the downward force of the crust with the upward force of the mantle |
